. 








Class 

Book 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

THE COLONIAL DAMES 

OF AMERICA 

ITS BEGINNINGS, ITS PURPOSE 
AND 
A RECORD OF ITS WORK 
1 891- 1 91 3 




PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY 
M C M X I I I 






APR -6 191^ 


^ 


DCI.A369844 


'^M)/ 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PAGE 

History and Description 7 

I. Work OF THE Corporate Societies .... 13 

A. Historical AND Restorative .... 13 
(i) Historic Buildings 13 

(2) Monuments and Tablets .... 23 

(3) Registers, Wills, Vestry Books, Records, 

Seals, Inscriptions 39 

(4) Loan Exhibits, Collections of Old Silver, 

Furniture, and Other Relics ... 46 

B. Educational 49 

(5) Study Classes, Papers, Libraries and 

Anniversaries 49 

(6) Scholarships, Lectures, and Prizes . . 56 

(7) Patriotic and Educational Work Among 

Immigrants and Illiterate Mountain- 
eers 59 

(8) Other Patriotic and Educational Work. 68 

II. Work OF THE National Society .... 69 
A. Restorative and Commemorative ... 69 

(i) Buildings 69 

(2) Historical Publications 76 

(3) Loan Exhibits 79 

(4) Collections of Old Ecclesiastical Silver 

and Descriptive Book 82 

v 



CONTENTS Continued 

II. Work of the National Society — Continued 
B. Patriotic 

(5) The Spanish-American War; Relief 

Work; Monument and Book ... 92 

Conclusion 

Appendix. 

Officers of the National Society . . . . loi 
Corporate Societies in order of Admission to 

National Society 103 

Committees of the National Society . . 108 



VI 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 
THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

ITS BEGINNINGS, ITS PURPOSE 

AND 

A RECORD OF ITS WORK 

THE National Society of the Colonial Dames of 
America is one of the historic-patriotic organizations 
whose formation and rapid growth was a feature of 
the closing years of the last century. And for none of them, 
perhaps, was there a greater necessity; since the history of 
the thirteen Colonies and the Colonial period — which this 
Society represents — replete though it is with tales of 
heroism and romance, was so overshadowed by the more 
thrilling chronicles of the American Revolution that but 
little was known of it, and the buildings, the relics, and the 
sites associated with it were fast disappearing from sight 
and memory. 

The Society differs from all the others of its kind, because 

This account of the National Society of the Colonial Dames of America was 
prepared in accordance with the following resolution, adopted at the Eleventh 
Biennial Council, held in Washington, D. C, May 1-4, 1912. 

Resolved: That a committee be appointed to prepare a pamplet of informa- 
tion as to the scope and work of the National Society of the Colonial Dames of 
America, setting forth what has been accomplished in a national and local way. 

7 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

in its formation and composition it has been a growth, and 
not an organization defined and limited from the beginning. 
And like all growths it has developed, at times, along un- 
expected lines, and produced a result differing, in some 
respects, from every other similar organization. 

It is quite likely that none of its founders had exactly 
the same idea with regard to it, and it is certain that none 
of them could have foreseen what would grow from their 
careful planting. 

There are some delightful houses that are the result and 
work of time and the necessities of an increasing family. 
A room is added here, a portico there, another story, another 
wing, until one may lose one's self in its charming disorder. 
If we could take such a dwelling and harmonize its incon- 
gruities and adjust its discordant lines, the result would be 
a home unlike any other, but with a charm peculiarly its own. 
Some such result has been accomplished in the National 
Society of the Colonial Dames of America, — an edifice 
designed by its earliest architects for a family of thirteen, 
but later enlarged to receive all the States in the Union. 

The first of the societies which compose the National 
Society was organized in Philadelphia on the 8th of April, 
1 89 1 , and letters were written to well-known women in other 
Colonial States asking them to unite with the Pennsylvania 
Society in forming a National Organization. Similar 
societies were rapidly formed in the other Colonial States 
and in the District of Columbia — which was adopted as 
the Domicile of the National Society — and National 
Councils were held there every two years save the first, 
on May 19, 1892, which convened in Wilmington, Delaware; 
at which societies in Pennsylvania, Maryland, New Jersey, 
Delaware, and the District of Columbia were represented. 

8 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

The Constitution adopted at this first Council provided 
that there should be a society in each of the thirteen Colonial 
States and one in the District of Columbia, but these limi- 
tations soon proved too narrow, and in 1898 the Constitu- 
tion was amended to allow the formation of associate 
societies in the non-Colonial States; and during the ensuing 
years a modus vivendi was adopted which makes this organi- 
zation quite unique among patriotic societies. Its Colonial 
character is emphasized and perpetuated in two ways; 
first, every member of every State society is also a Dame of 
one of the societies in the thirteen Colonial States; and, 
second, the Colonial State societies and the society in the 
District are given a larger representation in the National 
Councils than those in the non-Colonial States. 

This distinction was adopted to give dignity and prestige 
to the societies which represent the thirteen Colonies. But 
since they are also much larger numerically than the socie- 
ties in the non-Colonial States, the additional representation 
is fairly proportioned to the general membership. 

The plan was not adopted without much thought and 
discussion, and mutual and generous concessions on the part 
of all the societies, and it has resulted in certain well-defined 
characteristics peculiar to this organization. 

In the first place, the thirteen societies which represent 
the original Colonies have a tendency to develop their 
individual and personal history, and each one has character- 
istics differing from the others. They are each, so to speak, 
sovereign and independent, and occupy toward each other 
much the same attitude that the Colonies did before the 
Union of the States; since each is supreme within its own 
limits, passes upon the eligibility of its members and pro- 
vides the terms and conditions of admission, and each has 

9 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

a membership outside its geographical limits in the various 
societies in the non-Colonial States. Those members who 
keep in touch with the work and spirit of the Society learn 
to recognize the ear-marks which distinguish Providence 
Plantations from Massachusetts Bay, and the spirit that 
animates Pennsylvania from that of New York or Maryland. 
It also greatly stimulates the knowledge and investigation 
of local Colonial history. No well-informed or deeply 
interested member of the Society would be puzzled to know 
where the Representatives were called " Deputies" and 
where they were known as "Burgesses"; or to distinguish 
the Colonial home of the "Preachers of Election Sermons" 
from that of the landgraves and caciques. 

The members who compose the societies in the non- 
Colonial States are each Dames, as well, of one of the thir- 
teen Colonial State societies. They are descended from the 
same ancestry; are equally interested in the history of the 
Colonies, and are either directly or indirectly represented in 
the historical work of the parent societies; and they some- 
times make special contributions to restorative and com- 
memorative work in the Colonial States; as in the case of 
the Minnesota Society, whose members deriving ancestry 
from Massachusetts sent a donation for the restoration of 
the Quincy house. While they do not differ among them- 
selves to the same degree as the original societies, yet the 
organizations in those States which were once parts of the 
thirteen Colonies, and those which had a history co-eval 
with, or prior to, the Colonial period, are patriotically 
jealous of their ancient lineage; and well-informed Dames 
know as much about the early Colonial history of Maine and 
its importance as a Colony, as they do of the Province of 
New Jersey, and are as well instructed in the Spanish and 

ID 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

French history of Alabama, Louisiana, CaHfornia, Florida, 
and Mississippi as in the settlement of Georgia or Delaware, 

And all this is but a by-product, so to speak, of the 
endeavor to so organize the Society that the Colonial flavor 
may not be lost in the overwhelming number and the 
absorbing vitality and energy of the societies in the non- 
Colonial States. 

The National Councils are held every two years in the 
City of Washington, and are composed of the officers of the 
National Society, and delegates, and their alternates, from 
each of the Corporate Societies. No visitors, spectators, or 
reporters are admitted; not even other members of the 
Society are allowed on the floor. 

This is objected to by some, on the ground that too little 
is known of the character of these conventions and the work 
which the organization accomplishes; but, on the other hand, 
it results in a quiet and well-ordered meeting which would be 
impossible were the attendance larger, or were it composed, 
in part, of spectators who took no active share in the 
deliberations. 

The Council hears reports from the officers of the Na- 
tional Society and from the Chairmen of the Committees; of 
which there are: — (i) Standing Committees on the details 
of the Council, on Historic Research, on Loan Exhibits, on 
Distribution of Papers on Historical Subjects, on Publication, 
et cetera, and : — (2) Temporary Committees, appointed at 
each Council for special work. 

The National Historian's report contains a brief account 
of the work accomplished, during the two years, by each 
society. Plans are discussed for achievements along all the 
different lines of endeavor, and the limited size of the Coun- 
cil permits of very free and full debate and comment by any 

1 1 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

delegate from any society. But perhaps the best, as well 
as the most delightful feature of these Councils is something 
that isnot mentioned in the program — anotherby-product — 
to repeat our commercial simile. It is the fact that for one 
week the members of the Council live together in one of the 
quieter hotels where all the meetings are held, and this close 
and congenial intercourse between representative women 
from different and remote parts of the country, results in a 
knowledgeand a sympathetic understandingof the character- 
istics and the people of these sections, that could be brought 
about in no other way. The traveling public does not usually 
come in contact with all that is best and finest in the lives 
of the communities they visit; but in these gatherings the 
citizens of distant States learn to know each other and to 
recognize and value the ties that should make us, in fact, as 
we are in name, "These United States." 

The National Society has a membership of about 7,000, 
and is composed of Corporate Societies in 37 States and in 
the District of Columbia. It endeavors to confine its work 
along historical lines to the Colonial period — its members 
being lineal descendants of the men of the Colonies who first 
settled and governed the country, who shaped its policies and 
established its traditions. 

Its aims are recited in the constitution, which states 
that; 

"The objects of this Society shall be to collect and pre- 
serve manuscripts, traditions, relics, and mem^entos of by- 
gone days; to preserve and restore buildings connected with 
the early history of our country, to diffuse healthful and 
intelligent information concerning the past, to create a 
popular interest in our Colonial history, to stimulate a 
spirit of true patriotism and a genuine love of country, and 

12 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

to impress upon the young the sacred obHgation of honoring 
the memory of those heroic ancestors whose abihty, valor, 
suffering, and achievements are beyond all praise." 

And this part of the constitution is read at the opening 
of each day's deliberations — lest they forget the high pur- 
poses which should inspire them. 

As appears from the above, the aims of the Society are 
two-fold — (i) to do honor to the past by the study of its 
history and the preservation of its relics and records; and 
(2) to encourage patriotism in the present, built upon a 
knowledge of and a reverence for the past; and its work 
therefore falls broadly under two heads; the first HISTORI- 
CAL, COMMEMORATIVE AND RESTORATIVE — 
the second EDUCATIONAL; and in describing the achieve- 
ments of the (1) Corporate and of the (II) National societies 
we will subdivide these two classes for convenience of 
reference. 



I. THE WORK OF THE CORPORATE 
SOCIETIES 

A. HISTORICAL AND RESTORATIVE 

(l) HISTORIC BUILDINGS 

The Corporate Societies, especially those in the Colonial 
States, early awoke to the fact that many of the buildings 
intimately connected with our Colonial history had either 
been already swept away, or were rapidly disappearing 
before the march of progress and that ruthless iconoclast, 
modern business. The fact of our nearness in time to the 
great events of our National history bred an indiflference to 

13 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

them that will be one of the things for which coming genera- 
tions will not hold us blameless. 

It is strange that Americans who grow enthusiastic over 
the chateaux associated with the women of the French 
Court, are not interested in the beautiful mansion on the 
James River where Evelyn Byrd died of a broken heart, 
or that other home where "Dorothy Q." whispered the 
"Yes" which meant so much to her gifted descendant, and 
which he has so delightfully immortalized in verse; and 
that our own people should gaze with respectful awe on 
the rocks at Quanto whence Garibaldi set forth to liberate 
Sicily, and feel no corresponding thrill on the spot, on the 
Savannah, where Oglethorpe landed with his colonists a 
hundred years earlier. 

The Society has been most active along this line, as the 
need was most pressing, and old State-houses, old churches, 
old forts, and beautiful old dwelling-houses have been res- 
cued: either by a protest uttered in time, or by the purchase 
of the actual building. 

It was in this spirit that the Society in Pennsylvania sent 
a long list of names signed to a protest against the destruc- 
tion of Congress Hall, at the corner of Sixth and Chestnut 
streets in Philadelphia; and, when its preservation was 
assured, restored and furnished the room in which the first 
and second Congresses met during the Washington admin- 
istration; where Washington was inaugurated for his second 
term, and where John Adams was inaugurated on March 
4, 1797. The Society also restored the elm trees in front of 
the Hall. 

There is time and space for only a list of such buildings 
which the Society has rescued and restored. 

Among them is Stenton, in Pennsylvania, built in 1728; 

•4 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

the home of James Logan, who was the friend of Penn, 
President of the Council and Secretary of the Colony. The 
Pennsylvania Society was made Custodian of the house in 
1899, and has restored and furnished it as the Colonial home 
of a Quaker gentleman. It contains many Logan relics 
and pieces of furniture; in addition to which the Society has 
recently restored and replanted the old Colonial garden of 
Deborah Logan which surrounds it. 

The Pennsylvania Society also contributed to the pur- 
chase of a small house in the rear of Carpenters' Hall, to 
reduce the danger from fire to that historic building. 

The New York Society has been the custodian of the Van 
Cortlandt house since 1896, when a special Act of the Legis- 
lature authorized the Park Department of New York to lease 
the house to the Dames, to be maintained by them as a 
public museum. The present house is the third one on the 
property, and was built in 1748 by Frederick Van Cortlandt, 
on land bought from the Philipse Manor. It was originally 
part of the Patroonship of Adrian Van der Donck, to whom 
it was confirmed by Governor Kieft in 1646, after he had 
purchased it from the Indians. It is the aim of the Society 
to preserve, restore and furnish the house as an example of a 
gentleman's house during the middle of the i8th century; 
and it is gradually succeeding in completing each room as 
a harmonious example of some one period and style. The 
dining-room is in the transitional period; one bedroom is 
furnished in early American maple; another in mahogany 
of the so-called six-legged period. The Society has had the 
advice of Luke Vincent Lockwood in selecting the furniture, 
and is at present engaged in furnishing the drawing-room as a 
memorial to the former president of the Society, Mrs. 
Howard Townsend. The Grinling Gibbons over-mantel, 

•5 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

in this room, determines the epoch in the furnishing, and a 
number of beautiful pieces have already been purchased. 
There is also a Dutch garden which the Society is making as 
typical as the house. In one room, called the Museum, 
exhibits are held, to which reference is made later in these 
pages. The house has numbered among its visitors Generals 
Washington and Rochambeau, the Duke of Clarence, 
afterward William IV of England, and Admiral Digby of 
the British Navy, and its interest for the public and its 
educational and historic value are illustrated by the fact 
that the list of annual visitors has grown from 50,000 in 1903 
to 300,000 in 1909. 

Whitehall, in Newport, Rhode Island, was the home of 
Dean Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne, whose benefactions to 
Yale College were larger than John Harvard's to Harvard. 
Dean Berkeley gave the house to Yale and the University 
leased it to a citizen of Newport for 999 years. By the 
patriotic efforts of three members of the Society, the re- 
mainder of the lease, which has 777 years to run, was secured, 
the house was restored and furnished, and given in charge 
to the Rhode Island Society. Like the other Colonial 
houses which are the property and care of the Colonial 
State societies, Whitehall is furnished and maintained in 
strict keeping with the period which it represents, both 
as to the interior and its surroundings, and the expense 
thus incurred is met by a fund established as a me- 
morial to Edith Bucklin Hartshorn Mason, first president 
of the Rhode Island Society. It now holds its meetings 
in the Ezek Hopkins house, given to the City of Provi- 
dence by the great-great-great-grandson of Admiral Ezek 
Hopkins. 

The historical value of these ancient homes is greatly 

16 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

enhanced by the fact that each is typical of the houses 
of the Colonial period. 

The Quincy house, in Quincy, Massachusetts, was 
bought by the Massachusetts Dames, in connection with 
the Park Commissioners for the State, in 1902. Part of the 
house was built in 1636 by the first Edmund Quincy; the 
latest addition was made in 1706, It was the home of two 
Dorothy Q's — one, the ancestress of Oliver Wendell Holmes ; 
the other, the wife of John Hancock. It has been restored 
and furnished throughout with colonial furniture. It is 
open to the public daily, has visitors from all parts of the 
world, and is a source of great pleasure and profit to the 
community. The same Society has restored one room in 
the Rebecca Nurse house at Danvers, which was built in 
1636, and is a remarkable example of a Colonial farmhouse. 
It was from this house that Rebecca was carried to her death 
as a witch, and behind it she was buried by her sons at mid- 
night. The Society has also restored and furnished three 
rooms in the Royall house at Medford, Massachusetts, which 
was the country house of John Winthrop about 1637. It 
was enlarged by John Usher, who was at one time Lieu- 
tenant-Governor of New Hampshire, and who lived there 
until 1726. These two houses are the best examples now 
existing in Massachusetts — the one of a Colonial farm- 
house, the other of a Colonial mansion. 

The Massachusetts Society has also contributed to the 
improvement of Dummer Academy in Newbury — the 
oldest Academy in the State. Samuel Moody was its 
Master for 27 years, beginning thirteen years before the 
Revolution. He taught 5 16 pupils, fifteen of whom were in 
the Continental Congress, among them Rufus King, and 
others less famous. In 191 3 the Society assisted in the 

17 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

restoration of Christ Church, Boston, by placing brass 
tablets in all the pews, with the names of the original owners. 
The Society also gave a generous contribution to the 
Cooper-Austin house fund, in Cambridge, to the Hancock- 
Clarke house in Lexington, and to the Paul Revere house in 
Boston, and raised ^2,500 to assist the New England Historic 
Genealogical Society to complete their new building in 191 3. 

In Connecticut the Society has restored the house of 
the Rev. Henry Whitfield at Guilford, built by him about 
1639, and said to be the oldest house in New England; and 
more recently they have aided in the restoration of the old 
State-house in Hartford, built in 1792 and designed by 
Bulfmch. Later it became the City Hall, and the beautiful 
interior underwent sad mutilation to adapt it to munici- 
pal uses. In 1909 it was proposed to tear it down, when 
the Connecticut Society came to the rescue with a protest 
and a more compelling proposal to contribute half the ex- 
penses necessary to restore the interior. To this end they 
raised ^10,000 in two weeks! But this financial measure of 
their endeavor is small compared with the educational effect 
of the crusade they established, and the value to the com- 
munity of a just appreciation of such a heritage from the 
past. 

The old St. Philip's Church in North Carolina, built in 
1725, on the Cape Fear River, was repaired and preserved 
by the Society in that State, which makes an annual appro- 
priation for its maintenance, and which has placed in the 
church a tablet referred to under another head. The 
Society keeps alive its interest in this historic church by 
making a yearly pilgrimage to it on Mayday, the anni- 
versary of its founding. 

In South Carolina, the Colonial powder magazine, a 

18 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

quaint brick building in a perfect state of preservation, 
though built in 1704, was bought and restored by the Society 
and filled with Colonial relics. Two old English cannon 
guard the entrance, bearing the royal crown and the Georgian 
arms. They were serving as gateposts in a railroad yard, when 
they were discovered and rescued. The State is rich in old 
Churches, and the Dames have also restored the church- 
yard and tower at Dorchester, South Carolina. The 
Church dates from 1719 and at the same place is an old 
Tabby fort on the Ashley River in an admirable state of 
preservation, the entire shape remaining as it was originally 
occupied. At this point Colonel John Laurens — called for 
his intrepidity " The Bayard of the Revolution" — attempted 
to ford the Ashley River, but finding it impossible, he swam 
across at the head of his men. 

Dorchester, in England, was the original hive from which a 
swarm of colonists came, who settled first in Massachusetts, 
and in loving memory of their old English home, named the 
new one, "Dorchester." From Massachusetts another 
swarm went to South Carolina, and again named the place, 
" Dorchester"; and still a third, from South Carolina, settled 
in Liberty County, in Georgia, in 1752; where 31,950 acres 
of land was granted to them, and where they 'built the old 
Midway Church, which is still standing, and of which the 
father of Oliver Wendell Holmes, the poet, was pastor from 
1783 to 1789. 

As another instance of the ties which bind the different 
sections of the country, it is interesting to note that Con- 
gress has recently made an appropriation for a monument 
to be erected within the churchyard at Midway, to General 
Screven and to General James Stuart, the ancestor of Mr. 
Roosevelt. 

19 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

Another Colonial church in Georgia is the "Jerusalem 
Church" at Ebenezer, built by the Salzburg Lutherans, who 
emigrated to the colony in 1733 and 1735. On April 
21, 1 9 1 1 , the Georgia Society unveiled a bronze tablet which 
they presented to the church in memory of its erection in 
1 767- 1 769. 

In 1909 the Virginia Society contributed to the resto- 
ration of the old Colonial Church at Westover, and to 
St. Peter's in New Kent County; the former so intimately 
connected with William Byrd and his daughter Evelyn, 
the latter the church in which Martha Custis (Mrs. Wash- 
ington) worshipped. The preservation of the register 
of this church by the same Society is referred to later in 
this account. The same Society contributed to the restora- 
tion of the "Old Donation Church" in Princess Anne 
County, one of the earliest churches in this country, and 
so named from the establishment of a home for poor 
boys on a tract of land donated for the purpose by the 
rector of the church. 

In New Hampshire the Society joined in an endeavor to 
prevent the destruction of the old martello tower in the 
rear of Fort Constitution, known as the Walbach Tower, 
and it has also purchased and restored an old manor house 
in Exeter known as "The Colonial Manor," built in 1708 
and opened by the Dames in 1903. They have made it a 
museum of antiques and mounted in front of it two cannon 
of the time of William and Mary. 

The Moffatt-Ladd house, in Portsmouth, well known 
throughout New England as the best type of a Colonial 
residence, was received in 19 12 by the New Hampshire 
Society from the Ladd family, descendants of John Mason, to 
whom James the First issued a grant of a large part of New 

20 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Hampshire, It was the first three-storied house in the 
State, and was built in 1759 by John Moffatt for his son 
Samuel, who married Sarah Catharine Mason, and it has 
been occupied for seven generations by his posterity. 
William Whipple, the signer, was, at one time, in posses- 
sion, and planted the fme horse-chestnut trees which are 
still standing. The house is an example of the best archi- 
tecture of its period, with wide halls, a broad stairway, 
and paneling of great beauty. It contains a Grinling 
Gibbons mantel, and the carving throughout is of rare 
excellence. The society has begun the work of restoring 
it, in furnishings and decorations, to the condition of its 
early history, and has laid out its extensive garden according 
to the original design. The house will be open to the public 
during the summer months, and special exhibits will be held 
there as often as practicable. 

In New Jersey, the Society has contributed to the 
restoration of the Old Barracks in Trenton, dating from 
1754. They are its custodians and have filled it with old 
furniture and valuable relics of the period. In 1912 a 
signed paper was sent to the Governor of New Jersey, giving 
the Society's indorsement of a plan to restore "The Old 
Barracks" to its original design and style of architecture. 
Of five such structures, built in the time of need, this old 
building in Trenton is the only one left standing in the State. 
The Society is glad to announce that Governor Wilson 
signed the bill making such appropriations as will carry this 
plan into effect. 

The old Colonial fort, built by Oglethorpe in 1734 
at Frederica, on St. Simon's Island, has been restored 
and marked by the Society in Georgia. Their care 
includes a constant battle with the waves which threat- 

21 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

ened its very existence until preventive measures were 
taken. 

Many of the societies in non-Colonial as well as in 
Colonial States have assisted in an effort to purchase the 
Carlisle house in Alexandria, Virginia, the Pohick Church, 
where Washington was a vestryman, and where he and Mrs. 
Washington often worshipped, and the John Marshall house 
in Richmond. The Society in the District has contributed 
to the preservation of Falls Church, across the Potomac, 
and the Society in Virginia has repaired the clock in the 
tower of Bruton Church, in Williamsburg, so that the 
hammer now strikes on the original bell which was brought 
from England in Colonial days. 

In addition to the restoration and preservation of the old 
Swedes' Church in Wilmington, the Society in Delaware has 
accomplished a similar work to that done in Connecticut. 
The State-house — one of the fine old State-houses of 
which so few remain to us — was built in 1791 and had 
sufi'ered much from the tooth of time, and more from the 
hand of man. Its existence was threatened in 1908, when 
the Society set itself to create a popular enthusiasm for its 
preservation, with the result that the Legislature, with an 
appreciation as praiseworthy as it is rare, voted ^63,000 for 
its restoration. 

But the thirteen Colonial States are not the only ones in 
which Colonial Dames preserve and restore old buildings. 
The Society in Maine, by a contribution of $739, helped 
to meet the financial conditions upon which Longfellow's 
early home in Portland was given to the Maine Historical 
Society. 

The Ohio Society has acquired and restored the office of 
the Ohio Land Company, in Marietta, as a memorial to 

22 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Rufus Putnam, and other early settlers. The Texas Society 
subscribed to the fund for the preservation of the Alamo, 
which historic fort has become the property of the State. 

The Society in Arkansas has made heroic efforts to 
preserve, in its entirety and original surroundings, her State- 
house; pronounced by many eminent critics to be a mas- 
terpiece of Ionic architecture. Among the most interest- 
ing of such accomplishments was the work of the Florida 
Society, which lent its aid in preserving the old Fort Marion 
and the City Gates of St. Augustine. 

(2) MONUMENTS AND TABLETS ON HISTORIC SITES, 
AND TO HISTORIC PERSONS 

Where there is no building to be rescued to tell its story 
of valor and heroism, or the quieter traditions of religion 
and domestic life, the societies have located and marked, 
in stone or in bronze, the sites of historic events. Such 
monuments and tablets now dot the soil of the Colonial 
and non-Colonial States, until the list has grown so long that 
it must be given, catalogue fashion, with only a passing 
word of comment. 

Certain societies have identified and marked the sites of 
the earliest landings and the first settlements. Of such 
are: 

The spot where Roger Williams landed in Rhode Island 
in 1 63 1, which the Society has converted into a park and 
planted with trees from other historic localities, and which 
it continues to care for; the landing place at Odiorne Point 
of the first settlers in New Hampshire in 1623; the spot, in 
Savannah, where Oglethorpe first pitched his tent on Amer- 
ican soil in 1732; the site in Maine where, in August 1907, 
three months after the Tercentenary at Jamestown, the Maine 

23 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

Society, in connection with other historical and patriotic 
societies in the State, celebrated the three-hundredth anni- 
versary of the landing and settlement at Fort Popham, by 
unveiling a large boulder with a bronze tablet bearing the 
following inscription: 

THE FIRST ENGLISH COLONY 

ON THE SHORES OF NEW ENGLAND 

WAS FOUNDED HERE 

AUGUST 29, N. S. 1607 

UNDER 

GEORGE POPHAM 

Arkansas has placed a tablet in the State-house at Little 
Rock, commemorating the planting of the cross by De Soto 
on the soil that is now Arkansas, on St. John's Day, in 1541 ; 
and California has erected a sundial in Golden Gate Park, in 
memory of the early navigators who touched that shore: 
Fortuna Jimenez, in 1533-4; Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, in 
1542, and Sir Francis Drake, in 1579. 

New Jersey has unveiled a tablet in Newark, to the first 
settlers of "Ye towne upon ye Pasayak, 1666"; and the 
Delaware Dames have dedicated a boulder hewn from 
"The Rocks" in Delaware, with an inscription which recites 
that: 

"This stone is a portion of 'The Rocks' on which 
landed the first Swedish Colonists in America, 29th 
March, 1638. On this spot stood Fort Christina. 
Here the Swedes held their first civil Court, and in 
the chapel of the fort, celebrated their first Christian 
worship in the New World. Erected by the Dela- 
ware Society of the Colonial Dames of America, 
29th March, 1903." 

24 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

The Society also recorded the first Dutch settlement 
in the State, by a boulder and tablet in Newcastle, near 
the original site of Fort Casimir, "built by the Dutch, in 
165 1, and recaptured by them from the Swedes in 1655." 
The spot on which the fort stood is now submerged by the 
Delaware River. The establishment of the first English 
settlement in the State was marked by a tablet on the Court- 
house wall, at Newcastle, which states that: 

"On the 28th day of October, 1682, William 
Penn, the Great Proprietor, on his first landing in 
America, here proclaimed his Government, and 
received from the Commissioners of the Duke of 
York the key of the fort, and turf, twig, and 
water as symbols of his possession." 

It is worthy of note that the commemorative work which 
is done by the Corporate Societies is of historic value, not 
only in preserving from oblivion the buildings and sites con- 
nected with our early history, but that it is also true to the 
spirit and science of history in placing events in their 
proper relations, as illustrated by the tablets just described, 
which suggest at a glance the history and formation of the 
Colony of Delaware, and the part which different races have 
had in its development. 

The societies have identified and marked places asso- 
ciated with the Indians of Colonial times: 

In Pennsylvania, the spot where Sullivan built a bridge 
over Ten Mile Run during his march against the Six Nations ; 
in Georgia, the burial place of Tomochichi, the Mico of the 
Yamacraws, who died in 1739, and was buried with military 
honors; in Connecticut, the site of the Fort of Uncas, who 
was Chief of the Mohegans and a friend of the English; in 

25 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

Massachusetts, the spot where Wannalancet passed his last 
days; in Virginia, a tablet at Jamestown to the memory of 
the Indian, Chanco, who saved the remnant of the colony 
in the Indian massacre of 1622; in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, the 
university town of the State, a granite boulder to the Indian 
warrior of that name who was killed by De Soto in 1584; in 
Michigan, the site of the encampment of the Fox Indians in 
1 712, to which reference will be made again. 

The societies have also identified and marked by monu- 
ment or tablet the sites of Colonial forts and battlegrounds. 

North Carolina has marked the site of the old fort on 
Roanoke Island and has placed, in Southport, a large 
boulder which is a part of the original fortification of Fort 
Johnson, the first fort in the Province. The tablet states 
that "on this spot the Royal Authority in the Province fell 
to rise no more." 

The Pennsylvania Society has placed a tablet to mark 
the site of Fort Pitt; and Georgia has erected a monument 
on the site of the old Colonial fort, Augusta, built by order 
of Oglethorpe, and the scene of Colonial and Revolutionary 
conflicts; an old Colonial cannon lies at the base of this 
monument. 

The Society in Georgia, in connectiori with the Society of 
Colonial Wars, in 191 3, unveiled a monument on the site of 
the important and decisive battle of " Bloody Marsh," on St. 
Simon's Island where, in 1742, General Oglethorpe, with 
some six hundred Englishmen and about fifty Indians put 
to flight an invading army of Spaniards, and received the 
thanks of the Colonial governors of New York, New Jersey, 
Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. 

In 191 3 the Connecticut Society dedicated a stone to 
mark the site of the old English fort (1635) at Saybrook 

26 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Point, at the mouth of the Connecticut River, and in 1912 
the Alabama Society unveiled a shaft of marble on the site 
of the old French fort, Toulouse, built in 1714 — the last 
fort erected by Bienville for protection against the Indians, 
and the spot where, in 181 2, the Creek Indians surrendered 
to General Jackson; the shaft being a modest replica of the 
monument on the Plains of Abraham. The inscription 
further states: "The Alabama Society of Colonial Dames 
preserves the memory of faithful service." 

The Society in the District of Columbia has marked 
the spot from which Braddock awaited the disembarkation 
of his troops in 1755, and a tablet in Michigan has already 
been mentioned, which bears the following inscription: 

"Here encamped the Fox Indians (Outagamies) 
during the siege of Detroit, 1712. Here also were 
buried the soldiers killed in the battle of Lake 
Erie, 181 3. Erected by the National Society of 
Colonial Dames of America in Michigan, December, 
1904." 

On the old round tower of Fort Snelling, at the point 
where the Minnesota River flows into the Mississippi, the 
Society in Minnesota has placed a tablet in memory of the 
treaty made in 1805 by Lieutenant Zebulon Pike, U. S. A., 
with the Sioux Nation, which acquired for the United States 
the site on which, a few years later, this fort was built. 

The Society in Ohio, in connection with the Archaeological 
and Historical Society of the State, has placed a tablet on 
the site of the old Fort Sandusky, connected with the 
earliest history of the State. 

The list includes a sundial on the river bank at Charles- 
ton-Kanawha, in West Virginia, on the site of Fort Clenden- 

27 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

ning, built about the time of the battle of Point Pleasant, 
in the Indian wars. 

Among monuments now in preparation is one which the 
Kentucky Society will place in the small park near the 
Ohio River, in front of the new station of the Illinois Central 
Railroad, in Louisville. On a granite monolith is a bronze 
tablet, bearing this inscription: 

TO COMMEMORATE 

THE ESTABLISHMENT 

OF THE TOWN OF 

LOUISVILLE, 1780 

On this site stood Fort Nelson, built 1782, under 
the direction of George Rogers Clark after the 
expedition which gave to the Country the great 
Northwest. 

The Colonial Dames of America in the State of 
Kentucky, 1912. 

The Dames in Mississippi are planning a monument on 
the site of Fort Maurepas, the oldest fort in the Mississippi 
territory, and the place where d' Iberville landed. 

There are also monuments and tablets to famous men 
of Colonial times. 

Maryland has placed a tablet in the Johns Hopkins 
University to Sir Francis Nicholas, the founder of King 
William's School at Annapolis; North Carolina has erected 
a monument to the memory of Cornelius Harnett of North 
Carolina, and the Colonial and Revolutionary heroes of the 
Lower Cape Fear, and a tablet in the old St. Philip's Church 
on the Cape Fear River, to Colonel Maurice Moore, who 
gave the land for the town of Brunswick, North Carolina, 

28 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

in 1725, and reserved "for the glory of God" the site of the 
parish church. The tablet was the gift of one of the 
members of the Society, and the ceremonies of the unveiling 
were under the auspices of the North Carolina Society. 
Later the Society unveiled a monument at Brunswick, made 
of stones from Governor Tryon's "palace" at Russellbor- 
ough, to the Colonists who made the first armed resistance to 
the Stamp Act. 

The Society in North Carolina also contributed to the 
tablet which has been erected to the signers of the Meck- 
lenburg Declaration of Independence, and Virginia has 
placed one in the memorial building at Jamestown to the 
Colonial governors of the State. 

New Jersey has unveiled a mural tablet at Trinity 
Church, Trenton, to the memory of Chief Justice Trent 
for whom the city was named. 

The Massachusetts Society has unveiled tablets to 
Governor Belcher and Governor Hutchinson at Milton; in 
Hartford, Connecticut, the Society has a tablet to Reverend 
Thomas Hooker, and one to Governor John Haynes; and 
in Georgia there is one at Christ Church, Savannah, to the 
eloquent English preacher, George Whitefield, who was 
minister of the church from 1738 to 1743, and who founded 
the Bethesda Orphan Home near the city in 1740 — "the 
first, probably, of such Charitable Institutions in this 
country." A peculiar interest attaches to the fact that this 
orphanage still exists and accomplishes its beneficent purpose 
in view of the lines from Whittier's poem, "The Preacher," 
with reference to the Bethesda mission: 

"Alas for the preacher's cherished schemes. 
Mission and Church are now but dreams." 
29 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

At the request of the Georgia Society, the beautiful road 
leading to the Orphanage, which is part of a fine auto- 
mobile course, was named "Whitefield's Road." 

A worthy monument now stands in Savannah, to one of 
the greatest of the great men who colonized this country. 
Gen. James Edward Oglethorpe. The Georgia Society were 
the original agitators for its erection, and contributed 
liberally to the necessary funds. 

In Bienville Park, Mobile, the Alabama Society has 
unveiled a monument commemorating the founding of the 
city by Jean Baptiste Lemoyne, Sieur de Bienville. 

The societies in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, 
Rhode Island, Delaware, Connecticut, New York, California, 
Tennessee, and Ohio contributed to the equestrian statue of 
Washington which was unveiled in Paris on July 3, 1900, 
— the gift of the women of America; and a few among the 
above contributed to the first George Washington Memorial 
which began to be agitated in 1898, or earlier, and which has 
finally culminated in the plan, mentioned later in these 
pages, to which the National Society has made such a liberal 
donation. 

In Texas the Dames have a tablet in the State capitol to 
the officers who fell in the Mexican War, and the Society in 
Washington has, by request, christened and assumed the 
care of a giant tree in Ravenna Park, Seattle, named 
General Robert E. Lee, and has attached to it a bronze 
tablet in his memory. 

Other tablets identify and mark historic buildings con- 
nected with Colonial men and events. 

New York has placed a tablet in Johnson Hall, Johns- 
town, New York, in memory of Sir William Johnson, baro- 
net, who built the Hall in 1762, and who was Major-General 

30 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

of the New York forces, chief of the Six Nations, and held 
other offices of trust and honor. In 1899 the Society un- 
veiled another in the Verplanck house on the Hudson, 
where Baron Von Steuben had his headquarters and where 
the Society of the Cincinnati was founded, and another in 
1906 at Old Castle Philipse at Tarrytown. 

Georgia has a tablet at the old Tondee Tavern in Savan- 
nah where, in 1775, the "Sons of Liberty" met — following 
the example of the Georgia Legislature in 1770, — "to 
express their sentiments in regard to the conduct of the 
Mother Country;" Virginia unveiled another on the site 
of the old Raleigh Tavern at Williamsburg, where Jef- 
erson danced with "Belinda," in the Apollo Room, in 
the careless, happy days before the Stamp Act; and the 
same Society has marked, with sundials, the birthplaces 
of the Virginia Presidents, and has assisted the Committee 
in Alexandria, Virginia, in the erection of a tablet to 
mark the eighteen places of special historic interest in 
the town — the localities and events to be described 
thereon. 

Vermont has contributed to a monument to mark the 
site of the first meeting house erected in the present State 
of Vermont, and a tablet was unveiled by the Louisiana 
Society, in the Cabildo in New Orleans, the ancient build- 
ing where the act of transfer of Louisiana to the United States 
was accomplished. 

The placing by the Florida Society of a descriptive and 
commemorative tablet on the City Gates of St. Augustine — 
which their zeal had helped to preserve, was only accom- 
plished after appeals to, all the way from the Vatican, with a 
request for correct historical data of the early settlement of 
the city, to the Secretary of War — whose permission was 

31 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

granted on condition that the inscription be submitted to 
his Department. The occasion of the unveiling was a 
pubHc pageant commemorating the discovery of Florida in 
1497, and the founding of St. Augustine in 1565. The soci- 
eties in Iowa, California, Connecticut, and Maryland sub- 
scribed to this enterprise. 

There are also commemorative tablets at universities 
which date from Colonial days: 

The New Jersey Society has placed one in old Nassau 
Hall at Princeton, to the "First Presidents and Charter 
Trustees of the College of New Jersey;" in Connecticut, 
the Society has marked the meeting place of the ten minis- 
ters at Branford which was the beginning of Yale University; 
and Virginia has recently unveiled a monument to mark the 
proposed site of the Colonial University at Hernicopolis, 
which the Virginia Company of London, in 16 19, decreed 
should be established there, and which met its death, with 
the early settlement, by the Indian massacre in 1622, when 
347 men, women, and children were "killed, defaced, and 
mangled." 

Virginia has also placed a tablet on the walls of William 
and Mary College in Williamsburg, whose charter was 
granted in 1693, and in 191 3 unveiled another in the Mem- 
orial Chapel of Washington and Lee University to emphasize 
the Colonial record of that institution. 

A few of the women of Colonial times have been re- 
membered: 

The Virginia Dames have undertaken a work of special 
interest, which is a new departure, in placing a memorial 
window in St. George's Chapel, at Gravesend, England, 
to mark the burial place of Pocahontas. This is the second 
instance of commemorative work done in England by Col- 

32 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

onial Dames in America; the first was accomplished by 
Maryland, and is described below. 

Contributions to the statue to Pocahontas, which the 
Pocahontas Memorial Association has placed near the 
Church on Jamestown Island, were made by the societies, 
or their members, in Alabama, Arkansas, California, Con- 
necticut, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, 
Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, New Jersey, 
Virginia, and Wisconsin. 

New York has a tablet at Split Rock in Pelham Park, 
New York, to Anne Hutchinson, the famous religious teacher 
and controversialist of Massachusetts and Rhode Island. 
The inscription reads: 

ANNE HUTCHINSON 

BANISHED FROM THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY IN 1638 

BECAUSE OF HER DEVOTION TO RELIGIOUS LIBERTY 

THIS COURAGEOUS WOMAN SOUGHT FREEDOM FROM 

PERSECUTION IN NEW NETHERLAND. 

NEAR THIS ROCK IN 1643 SHE AND HER HOUSEHOLD WERE 

MASSACRED BY INDIANS 

THIS TABLET IS PLACED HERE BY THE COLONIAL DAMES 

OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK 

ANNO DOMINI MCMXI 

VIRTUTES MAJORUM FILLAE CONSERVANT 

The bronze plate is fastened to a large, cleft rock, standing 
high above the driveway, from which one looks across the 
Park, to the stream now called "Pelham" which, in former 
days, was known as the Hutchinson River. 

The Maryland Society furnished a room in the Woman's 
Hospital of Maryland in memory of Mistress Brent, a 

33 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

famous woman of her day, who received the acknowledge- 
ment of the Assembly for the reduction of a serious mutiny 
among the soldiers in the colony. 

The Virginia Society — upon learning that the White 
House contained no portrait of one of the most notable 
women who ever presided over it — presented to Mrs. 
Taft, for the Executive Mansion, an exquisite copy of 
Gilbert Stuart's portrait of Dolly Madison. The Society 
had the assistance of the artist. Miss Cecilia Beaux, and 
Mr. Charles Henry Hart. They obtained permission from 
the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts to make a copy of 
the painting, and employed as copyist, Miss Ursula Whit- 
lock of New York. 

Especial care and attention has been given to Colonial 
burying grounds and tombstones: 

The Virginia Society has marked the site of the birth- 
place of Washington, at Wakefield, in Westmoreland County, 
and has restored and cared for the old family graveyard 
there. They placed a suitable slab upon the neglected 
grave of George Washington's father, and the graves of 
other members of the family, and completed their work 
by putting in the graveyard a concrete block, on which 
were inscribed the names of all the Washingtons buried 
there, whose graves were not already marked. These 
names were taken from parish registers, family Bibles 
and private papers — a genealogical work of great import- 
ance. 

In Maryland, the Society has assisted in the preservation 
of the Westminster (Presbyterian) graveyard in Baltimore 
and in an endowment for the care of the old Colonial 
churchyard of the parish of St. Paul's, Baltimore. They 
also contributed to the restoration of the old tombs at 

34 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Whitchurch, Hants, in England, the home of the family 
of Robert Brooke, gent., of Hampshire, who came to 
this country in 1649, "with a great retinue." The family 
had long since left the home, which was falling into 
decay, and their effigies in the parish church were crum.b- 
ling away. The vicar appealed to the Maryland Brookes, 
and the Maryland Society made a contribution to the 
restoration. 

South Carolina has rescued the tombstone of Hon. 
Robert Daniel, Governor of the Province from 17 16 to 1723, 
who valiantly served his sovereign by land and sea. The 
stone was doing duty as a well cover when it was rescued 
and placed in the walls in old St. Philip's Church. 

The New Hampshire Society has a committee whose 
duty it is to search out and care for the neglected graves of 
early Colonists, and the chairman of this committee has 
compiled and published a most valuable book on "Old 
Burying Grounds." The Society has erected, in the ancient 
graveyard at Hampton, a massive granite memorial to 
mark the graves of three of the earliest clergymen in the 
State of New Hampshire. 

The societies in Connecticut, Rhode Island, Maryland, 
and other States have similar committees. 

The ancient graveyard near Tower Hill, in South King- 
ston, has been cared for by the Rhode Island Society. They 
have repaired its walls and identified and marked the grave 
of James McSparran, the first rector of Rhode Island's 
oldest Episcopal parish. They have also cleaned and re- 
paired the monument which the Diocese had placed at the 
spot where he was supposed to have been buried, until the 
Dames correctly located his grave. 

In Maine a committee visited the monument to Father 

35 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

Rasle, at Old Point Norridgwock, where he was massacred 
in 1724; they made photographs of it and reported on the 
care and protection given it. 

Kentucky has assisted in restoring the Daniel Boone 
monument at Frankfort and has likewise cared for President 
Zachary Taylor's monument and grave. 

Along other lines are the following: 

The Society in Alabama has placed, in a public building, 
a lunette of stained glass bearing the flags of the five nations 
who have ruled Alabama; and Mississippi has placed a house 
tablet in the Capitol at Jackson commemorative of the fact 
that the State has been under the dominion of four powers: 
France, Spain, England, and America. 

The Colorado Society has put a sundial in the Capitol 
grounds at Denver, to the State of Colorado. 

In Pennsylvania many old milestones have been located 
and restored. More than one hundred and thirty of them 
have been recut, reset, and banded with iron where broken. 
The Society has placed a tablet on the wall of the Witmer 
Bridge, over Conestoga Creek, at Lancaster, which recites 
that: 

"The milestones on the old turnpike were re- 
stored by the Colonial Dames of America, and this 
tablet was erected by the Lancaster County Com- 
mittee to commemorate the restoration." 

Nine stones were found on the Guelph Road, bearing the 
arms of William Penn. The Northumberland County 
Committee have found four stones on the Turnpike from 
Reading to Sunbury; and twenty-four have been recently 
discovered on the Turnpike between Philadelphia and 
Trenton. The Allegheny County Committee, on the one 

36 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the naming of Pitts- 
burgh, marked by a bronze tablet placed on the Washington 
Schoolhouse, the spot where Washington crossed the Alle- 
gheny River in 1753. 

In line with this important work of the Pennsylvania 
Society, the Dames of Virginia, in 19 12, appointed a com- 
mittee to investigate the historic roads and trails within the 
commonwealth. 

The Dames of the District of Colum.bia were the first to 
intervene in an effort to prevent the destruction of Niagara 
Falls. They passed a resolution on the subject in 1905, 
and continued their agitation until other societies joined 
them in a petition to Congress presented February 1 3, 
1906. Along the same line of conservation the Wisconsin 
Dames petitioned Congress for National Forest Reserva- 
tions in the White Mountains, and in the Southern 'Appa- 
lachian Mountains to protect the headwaters of some of 
our rivers. 

Nor have the societies stopped here; the Society in 
Connecticut has compiled and published "Lists of Old 
Colonial Houses Still Standing in Connecticut." There are 
one hundred and seventy-four of them; the history of 
twenty-seven has been written and that of thirty-nine more 
is in preparation. Of eighty-three of them only the names 
and dates have been learned so far. The Society furnishes 
iron markers, giving the date of erection, to be affixed to 
these old houses by their owners. 

New Jersey has named and described four historic homes, 
dating from the 17th century; and Pennsylvania, in a report 
prepared in 1908, gave a valuable list of more than eighty 
houses, forts, churches, and other buildings, dating from 
Colonial and pre-Revolutionary times, together with more 

37 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

than a dozen sites connected with Colonial history, which 
are still unmarked. 

Virginia furnished a list of eight such important sites, 
and the Society in North Carolina submitted a list of 
seventy-seven houses, churches, forts. Colonial burial places, 
and historic sites, unmarked within her territory. 

Some of the non-Colonial States — ^ notably Indiana — 
prepared similar lists of great historic interest; and other 
societies have fields as rich in historic sites though they 
have not reported on them in detail. 

The Society in Maine has been especially thorough and 
systematic in this, as in other lines of work. Her committee 
on " Records of Old Houses" issues a circular with questions 
covering every detail of description, location, architecture 
and history, and the replies, with the name and address of 
the compiler of the record, are carefully filed in the Society's 
archives. 

It is a pity to pass over, with such brief mention, these 
tablets and monuments, and not to print in full the well- 
worded records that are cut in bronze or in stone, of the 
deeds of our forefathers. The occasions of the unveiling of 
these monuments are inspiring; the citizens of the State, or 
the town, attend with patriotic reverence, the school 
children are taught what "we mean by these stones"; and 
the educational effect cannot be estimated in a few words. 
If it is still true, as it was in Napoleon's time, that "imag- 
ination rules the world," we have too little of it in this great 
new country, and these occasions are storehouses of pa- 
triotic enthusiasm, that may be called upon, when we least 
expect it, in some great crisis in our Nation's history. All 
honor to those who have preserved these "mementos of 
bygone days," and are striving to teach a busy people to 

38 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

know their own history, realizing full well that to know it 
is to love it. 

(3) REGISTERS, WILLS, VESTRY BOOKS, RECORDS, 
SEALS, INSCRIPTIONS 

A most important work of the Corporate Societies is the 
investigation and preservation of all manner of old records, 
and the printing of books and pamphlets on this subject. 
Here, again, we can only give a brief summary of what has 
been accomplished. 

In Virginia the records of many Colonial parishes have 
been copied, where it was not already too late to rescue their 
fast-fading pages. In 1898 the Society assisted the Daugh- 
ters of the American Revolution in copying the old parish 
register of St. Bride's Parish in Norfolk County, Later 
the Society copied and placed in the Virginia Historical 
Society the register of Christ Church, Middlesex; St. 
Peter's in New Kent County — to which reference has 
been made — where Martha Dandridge was wedded to 
Daniel Parke Custis, in 1749; Abingdon in Gloucester; 
Kingston in Mathews; Christ Church in Lancaster, and the 
vestry books of St. Peter's in New Kent, Stratton-Major, 
and King and Queen. 

The register of Christ Church and St. Peter's, and the 
vestry book of St. Peter's have been published. As Middle- 
sex held within her borders the flower of the colony, and 
St. Peter's was the church of Martha Washington, these 
books possess a remarkable interest. 

South Carolina has long been carrying on the publi- 
cation of the register of St. Philip's Church in Charleston, 
and has typewritten that of St. James Santee, from 1700 
to 1800. A similar copy has been made of the old vestry 

39 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

minute book of St. Philip's Parish, during the period 
when Carolina was governed by a union of Church and 
State. 

The Society in Connecticut has been active along 
this line and has made more than one hundred copies of 
church records and town records, and of inscriptions from 
eighteen burial grounds, on stones dating before 1750. 
These records are being added to from year to year and are 
placed, for reference, in the fireproof vaults of the Historical 
Society. Their Year Book is a valuable register with items 
of Colonial history and photographs of early Governors 
and lawmakers. The Year Books of the societies in New 
Jersey, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire 
are likewise valuable on account of the photographs, 
maps and other historical and genealogical data which they 
contain. 

In Illinois the Society has purchased and printed valu- 
able French manuscripts connected with the early history of 
the State, and California and Tennessee have similar collec- 
tions. 

The Ohio Society has published the "Memories and 
Correspondence of Rufus Putnam," which was favor- 
ably mentioned in the American Historical Review and 
which contains official papers and correspondence relating 
to the early settlement of the State. The first letter is 
from George Washington, dated 1776, and the book has a 
preface written by Senator Hoar. The Society has also 
published a brochure entitled, "A Sketch of the Ohio 
Company; of the Ordinance of 1787, and of the Ohio 
Company's Land Office, built by General Rufus Putnam 
at Marietta, Ohio, in 1788, and purchased by the National 
Society of the Colonial Dames of America, resident in 

40 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Ohio, in February, 1900." To this purchase reference has 
already been made. 

The Society in Iowa has translated such portions of 
"Margry's French Exploration," as throw light on the early 
history of the State. 

The Rhode Island Society published, in 1903, "The 
Correspondence of the Colonial Governors of Rhode Island, 
1 72 3- 1 775"; letters which, while carefully preserved in the 
State-house, were thus rendered accessible to the students 
of history. 

The Pennsylvania Society has contributed to the 
important work of having certified copies made from the 
papers and journals of the Board of Trade, London, from 
1675 to 1782. It has also contributed to a fund for the 
collection and publication of the unpublished letters of 
William Penn in England and in America. Both of these 
undertakings will afford valuable material to the future 
historian of Pennsylvania and Colonial America. 

The Society in New York has translated from the Dutch, 
and printed: "The Minutes of the Orphan Master's 
Court of New Amsterdam, 165 5- 1663," in two volumes. 
This constitutes a history of New Amsterdam during the 
middle of the 17th century. The original documents were 
found in the City Hall, and — but for their timely preser- 
vation in these volumes — all these important records, with 
those mentioned below, would have been lost in the fire 
which destroyed the Albany State House. 

The same Society has printed a "Calendar of Wills" 
from the original documents at Albany. Singularly enough 
their investigation disclosed the fact that Philip Schuyler 
had recorded a wish that his descendants should make these 
documents public, and as the expense of the search was 

41 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

borne by one of them, his desire was fulfilled, after the 
lapse of nearly 300 years. To the list of the above-men- 
tioned books, published by the New York Society, must 
be added a series of catalogues of exhibits of Colonial 
book plates, and other relics at Van Cortlandt; "Minutes 
of the Executive Board of Burgomasters of New Amster- 
dam," and the records of Walruyn Van der Veer, Notary 
Public, 1662-1664. 

The Society in Virginia has copied the Journal of the 
House of Burgesses, 1773- 1775, said to be the only journal 
of its kind in existence. North Carolina has, through its 
Genealogist, discovered and preserved the original papers 
signed by the Lords Proprietors, with seals attached, put- 
ting into partial effect the fundamental constitutions, 
compiled for Carolina by John Locke, March 6, 1669. The 
document is dated February 5, 1678. These papers had 
been lost for one hundred and fifty years. A fine impression 
of the seal of the colony was attached to the commissions 
of five members of the General Court, dated 1712. The 
only other known impression of this seal is in the Bodleian 
Library of Oxford, England. The same Society has pub- 
lished an abstract of Colonial wills, and a sketch entitled: 
"Our Debt to Cornelius Harnett." 

The Society in New Hampshire interested itself in creat- 
ing a public sentiment in favor of the preservation of the 
Colonial records of the State. A committee, appointed for 
the purpose by the Society, made a report on "Old Records, 
and the Condition of the Archives," which led the Legisla- 
ture to send to England for papers bearing upon the claims 
of the Loyalists hitherto unrecognized. 

The Virginia Society, in 1912, united with other patriotic 
associations in the State, in an appeal to the Legislature for 

42 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

an appropriation for fireproof safes for the preservation of 
State records and papers. A large fireproof steel case 
has been put in the Virginia State Library, by the Virginia 
Society, which now contains the most valuable manuscripts 
in the State. "There are several thousand documents of 
great interest and value stored in this case, covering the 
period from 1652 to 1775." 

Georgia has a valuable collection of Colonial seals, 
stamps, and autographs of Colonial governors; and obtained 
from the British Museum, a wax impression of the original 
Trustees' Seal, used from the settlement of the Colony in 
1732 until it became a royal province in 175 1. At this 
time the seal was broken and until recently no impression 
of it was supposed to exist. 

Rhode Island has presented to Brown University an 
impression, in silver, of the first seal of the "College and 
University in the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence 
Plantations," for which agreement was made at " New Port," 
in 1765; with a very interesting account of its design and 
subsequent history. 

Maryland has printed a most interesting collection of 
inscriptions from old Colonial gravestones, entitled: "His- 
toric Graves of Maryland and the District of Columbia"; 
and, "A Calendar of Memorial Inscriptions, Collected in 
the State of Maryland, by the Maryland Society of the 
Colonial Dames of America." For this purpose the Society 
instituted a thorough search among old graveyards of 
Maryland and the District of Columbia. It has also a 
committee on copying the Colonial records of Maryland 
and has copied the original patent of De la Brooke, and two 
of its members have printed, "Old Manors in the Colony 
of Maryland," and "Old Churches of Maryland." 

43 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

Reference has already been made to the volume on "Old 
Burying Grounds," which was published by the Society in 
New Hampshire. 

The Society in Delaware obtained permission from the 
Levy Court of New Castle County, to examine the archives 
pertaining to the erection of the first English Law Court 
under Penn's proprietorship in the three lower counties 
of Delaware, They sorted and arranged a mass of papers 
from which they obtained autographs, old surveys, property 
transfers from Indians to Swedes and Dutch dating, in 
some cases, from 1640. At the solicitation of the Society, 
a Commission of Records was appointed to care for these 
papers. As a further result of the investigation, the Dames 
made a compilation of old wills to the number of 1750; and 
— their publication being called for by genealogists, mem- 
bers of the Bar and the general public — the Society has 
printed one volume of them entitled: "Abstract of the 
Wills of New Castle County." In restoring the old State- 
house, already referred to, valuable papers were found in 
the attic of the building, among them, a package of auto- 
graph letters of General Washington on matters of army and 
state. 

Through the generosity of one of its members, the Dela- 
ware Society presented to the State: "the Royal Patent of 
Charles II to James, Duke of York, for the lands comprising 
the domains of the State of Delaware; together with one 
from the Duke of York to William Penn; and the lease from 
him to Penn for the same land." The presentation took 
place during a joint session of the General Assembly, on 
February 5, 1909. 

Many of the societies have printed or typewritten, for 
circulation, papers compiled from letters and diaries which 

44 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

are the private possession of the writers. Pennsylvania 
has pubHshed among others the original correspondence of 
Susanna Wright, preceded by a memoir written by her 
intimate friend, Deborah Norris Logan. The Pennsylvania 
Society has gone systematically over its towns and villages, 
and whatever Colonial history is found unpublished, is 
classified and chronicled. 

In the year 19 lo, for example, the Society prepared a 
history of "The Colonial Iron Furnaces of Pennsylvania " — 
for the manufacture of pig-iron was permitted in the colony, 
when other industries were forbidden. The Society makes 
reprints of old diaries and journals, and this most interesting 
and valuable work, together with the copying of epitaphs 
from Colonial gravestones, is regularly carried on by Dela- 
ware, Maryland, Connecticut, New Hamsphire and other 
societies which have committees constantly on the lookout 
for such material. 

New Jersey has compiled and published "The Letters of 
Moore Furman," Colonel; Deputy; Quartermaster-General 
in the Revolution; first mayor of Trenton; by appointment 
of the Legislature, Presidential Elector, and chairman of 
many important public committees. The volume has 
valuable genealogical notes. 

In Iowa they have begun the publication of a series 
of private letters, belonging to the members of the 
Society, which bear on the domestic life of the Colonies. 
The first was from the correspondence of William French, 
first captain of the town of Billerica, Massachusetts, 
in regard to Indian converts. As was pleasantly said 
of him — being a noted Indian- fighter — "when not occu- 
pied in slaying Indians he had a deep concern for their 
souls." 

45 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

(4) LOAN EXHIBITS, COLLECTIONS OF OLD SILVER, 
FURNITURE AND OTHER RELICS 

The old Colonial houses already mentioned, which are 
preserved by the Corporate Societies in New Hampshire, 
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, 
Pennsylvania, New Jersey, South Carolina, and the Society 
headquarters of Maryland are, without exception, filled 
with Colonial furniture, silver, portraits and other articles 
of historic interest, and have become either valuable 
museums of Colonial relics or types of the Colonial homes of 
the period. 

In the room in the Van Cortlandt house called the 
Museum, exhibitions are held which last for six months 
at a time, the articles are loaned by collectors within and 
without the Society. At this writing there is a wonderful 
exhibit of mirrors, illustrative of a period one hundred or 
more years prior to 1800. The preceding one was of em- 
broidered pictures — a notable collection sent from all 
over the country, the Metropolitan Museum shows one 
example, this exhibit had about forty. From time to time 
exhibits have been held of Sheffield plate, brass, pewter, 
textiles and embroideries, personal belongings of well- 
known officers of the Continental Army, pastels and prints, 
dresses and costumes; and just before the Hudson-Fulton 
exhibit there was an exceedingly large and interesting dis- 
play of book-plates. The Society has made catalogues of 
these exhibits, and one of the Hudson-Fulton Commissioners 
asked for four hundred copies to be bound with catalogues 
of other American museums to be sent to all the foreign 
museums. In the Metropolitan collection of Colonial 
relics, in 191 1, the New York Society furnished thirteen of 

46 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

the fifty-three Colonial portraits, and one was given a place 
of honor in the illustrated catalogue. It also furnished 
twenty-one of the forty-seven pieces of silver exhibited. In 
1904 the Rhode Island Society held a Loan Exhibit of 
exceptional interest in "The Old Bank House," which was 
the headquarters of the French Staff during the Revolution. 

Other societies have also held Loan Exhibits, from time 
to time, often to raise funds for some special work. Ex- 
hibits of great value have been held by Massachusetts, 
Maryland, and Florida; which latter Society raised a part 
of the fund for marking the City Gates of St. Augustine in 
this way. The Society in the District of Columbia realized 
more than ^800 from a Loan Exhibit which was held to 
raise funds for the Jamestown Memorial. 

Among exhibits prepared for expositions, the one made 
by the South Carolina Society for the Interstate and West 
Indian Exposition, in IQ02, was of unusual interest, and 
that of Vermont for the Pan-American Exposition, con- 
tained a fine display of old American china, especially that 
made in Bennington, Vermont. The Society in Tennessee 
received a bronze medal for its exhibit in the Centennial 
Exposition held in Nashville, in 1897. 

The Colonial Exhibit in the Massachusetts State Depart- 
ment, at the Jamestown Exposition, was collected for the 
State by the Massachusetts Society of Colonial Dames, at 
the request of the Commissioners, and was exhibited for 
several weeks at the Museum of Fine Arts, in Boston, before 
being placed at Jamestown. It elicited the admiration of 
all who were so fortunate as to see it, and received a gold 
medal. Other societies contributed to the exhibit by the 
National Society at the Jamestown Exposition which is 
described below. 

47 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

Tennessee has placed a cabinet for Colonial and Revolu- 
tionary relics in the History Building at Centennial Park 
in Nashville, and Ohio has established a permanent Loan 
Exhibit in the Cincinnati Art Museum; Maryland has 
collected old miniatures, old silver and old lace in its rooms; 
and exhibited, in 191 1, in Baltimore, a collection of minia- 
tures and jewels which aroused great enthusiasm. The same 
Society prepared photographic views of places of Colonial 
interest in the State and arranged them in panels for an 
exhibit at the St. Louis Exposition. 

The Connecticut Society, in 1908, began a collection of 
laces and embroideries, owned by Colonial Dames in Colonial 
days, and is now making a card catalogue of the old silver 
made by Connecticut silversmiths, locating and describing 
each piece, where they do not possess it. They have been 
wonderfully successful, and the list will ultimately include 
almost all, if not all, the Colonial silver made by Con- 
necticut silversmiths in the United States. In the spring of 
1912 the Society had a wonderful exhibit of old silver in the 
Morgan Memorial Building at Hartford. It came from the 
family of John Cotton Smith, Governor of Connecticut from 
181 2 to 1817. There were hammered beakers, said to have 
been captured from Spanish galleons in the time of the 
Armada, and other pieces dating from the 17th century. 
The collection filled a large case in the most prominent part 
of the building. 

In 191 1 the Virginia Dames employed Mr. Charles 
Insco Williams to restore the portraits in the Virginia 
Historical Society, which are among the oldest and most 
valuable in this country. 



48 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

B. EDUCATIONAL 

(5) STUDY CLASSES, PAPERS, LIBRARIES, AND 
ANNIVERSARIES 

So much for the restorative and preservative work of the 
Corporate Societies. It has naturally and inevitably led 
to educational work along the same lines; and all the so- 
cieties from Maine to California, have formed study classes, 
prepared papers and held lectures and talks upon Colonial 
history. Among these papers are many whose titles are 
suggestive and convey an idea of their sources. Some of 
them are: 

Old Colonial Gardens. 

Fashionable Life in Georgian New York. 

The Sieur La Salle and His Discoveries. 

Maryland as a Palatinate. 

The English Parliament in Ireland and America. 

Old Letters and Some Colonial Reminiscences. 

Extracts from the Journal of Sally Wister, Written Dur- 
ing the British Occupation of Philadelphia in 1777 — 
from original unpublished sources. 

Dutch Customs on the Hudson. 

The Marshall-Martin Family History. 

Mary Musgrove (of Georgia), "A Native Colonial 
Dame." 

Old Georgetown. 

Baron Castine and the Place Which Bears His Name. 

General Anthony Wayne and His Influence on the State 
of Michigan. 

The Acadians in Nova Scotia and Their Subsequent 
Dispersion. 

The Dunmore War. 

49 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

A Colonial Century in the Schuyler Family. 

Contrast between the New Hampshire Grants and the 

State of New York. 
Colonial Housewifery. 
Maine and Louisburg. 
Early Shipping Days in Old Salem. 
The Making of Georgia. 
St. Augustine, Pensacola and Jacksonville. 
Our National Music and its Sources. 
The Early History of Norridgwock. 
Parson Smith of Portland. 
Historic Bardstown. 

Zeuger and the Early Printers of New York. 
A Review of the Lewis and Clarke Expedition. 
The Training of a Lady of Quality in the Colonies in the 

i8th Century. 
The Dutch West Indian Company and Early Dutch 

Settlers. 

The list is too long to print in full, but it is interesting to 
note that these papers come not only from the older Colonial 
State societies, but from Louisiana, Kentucky, Maine, 
Michigan, Tennessee, Alabama, Vermont, Iowa, and other 
non-Colonial States; for a Dame in the newly organized 
societies in Washington or Nebraska may find, among her 
family papers, letters or diaries which throw light upon the 
early history of New Hampshire or Carolina. 

Many of the societies, notably in the younger States, 
have gone very seriously into the study of their own early 
history, especially where it touches the Colonial period. 
Indiana has divided her State history into four periods — 
the epoch (i) of the Mound Builders; (2) of the Villages; 

50 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

(3) of the Fishermen; (4) of the Indians; and in later times 
she has traced the connection of La Salle with the Territory 
which is now Indiana. 

The Society in Mississippi has a series of papers on — 
(i) Sieur'de La Salle; (2) Natchez; the "Chigontualgas" 
of the Spaniard; (3) Colonel Andrew EUicott and the 31st 
Parallel; (4) Aaron Burr in the culmination of his evil 
days and his Mississippi sweetheart, Madeline. This 
Society, with that of Alabama and Louisiana, has studied the 
careers of De Soto, Pere Marquette, Louis Joliet and the 
contest of Spain, France, and England for the soil of these 
States; while Michigan has investigated the history of its 
territory from 1701 to 1763, covering the French period and 
the government of Cadillac, who founded Detroit in 1701. 
The town of Cadillac in Michigan was named in his honor. 

The Society in Iowa has studied the history of the early 
French missionaries who visited its soil, and Julien Dubuque, 
for whom one of its towns is named. The societies in 
California, Vermont, West Virginia, and Florida have done 
valuable work along this line, and the Society in Maine has 
made notable contributions to her early history by the 
publication of the following volumes: 

A Brief on Ferdinando Gorges and the Colony of Maine. 

A Forgotten Hero of Colonial Days — based on an old 
journal found in a barn at Gorham, Maine. 

Old Hallowell on the Kennebec. 

The Tercentenary of the Landing of the Popham Colony 
at the Mouth of the Kennebec, August 29, 1607. 

The Tercentenary of the De Monte Settlement of St. 
Croix Island, June 25, MDCCIV. 

Old Colonial Homes in Maine. 

51 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

The Society has thus emphasized a fact too little known, 
that Maine was among the first English colonies planted 
on American soil, and, had the Declaration of Independence 
been written a century earlier, there would have been four- 
teen colonies instead of the thirteen who formed the Union 
in 1776. 

Among the older States, North Carolina, New Jersey, 
and Georgia have made a specialty of the study of their 
own early history, and, together with Connecticut, Dela- 
ware, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and the District of 
Columbia have prepared papers containing information 
obtained from private correspondence and diaries in the 
possession of the writers. The Society in Delaware has 
recently published a most attractive volume entitled : "Once 
Upon a Time in Delaware"; which consists of charmingly 
told stories of Delaware's Colonial period. It is used as a 
reader in the public schools of the State. Rhode Island has 
in preparation a similar collection of stories for children to 
be called: "Once Upon a Time in Rhode Island." 

New Hampshire has made a study of its oldest towns, 
Laconia, Hampton, Exeter and Londonderry; and its Year 
Book contains a collection of photographs and maps bearing 
upon its early history. Maryland has prepared and cir- 
culated an account of James Rumsey, who is said to have 
moved a steamboat down the Potomac in 1786, twenty- 
one years before Fulton's venture with the Clermont. 

Many of the societies have collected libraries dealing 
with their own local history, notably Maine, Maryland, 
Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware, and many — 
indeed nearly all of them — have reference libraries, some 
of them quite extensive. New York has nearly 2000 books 
and pamphlets and a "catalogue made by experienced 

52 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

indexers which gives a complete, classified, cross-referenced 
list . . . making a practical, genealogical library for 
research and bibliographical work." Kentucky has a 
growing library in Louisville and subscribes to the various 
genealogical and historical magazines which are kept 
in a reading room for the use of its members. Minnesota 
has prepared for the same purpose a complete syllabus 
on Colonial landmarks, and Tennessee has arranged a 
program of study from the earliest voyages of discovery 
down to recent times; especially of the French Colonial 
period and its influence on the Colonies. The Society 
donated a set of Fiske's Histories to the new library of 
Vanderbilt University after the first was destroyed by fire, 
and members of the Society have placed a fine reference 
library of Colonial history in the Carnegie library in 
Nashville. 

In 1898, Virginia, with other patriotic societies, supplied 
the Virginia Historical Society with twenty leading maga- 
zines of America and England. 

Many of the societies have traveling libraries which they 
send to country schools or the smaller towns of the State. 
Connecticut, in 1904, had in circulation fifty such libraries 
and forty-eight portfolios of historical pictures. In 1910 
the number had grown to one hundred. 

The New Hampshire Society sends such libraries to 
the smaller towns in the State. Colorado and Maine send 
them to the country schools; the traveling libraries of the 
Maine Society visited fifty points in 1912. In line with this 
work the Society in Virginia published in 1901 a beautiful 
Colonial Engagement Calendar, which was an epitome of 
Virginia history for the first thirteen years, when Virginia 
was the only " English-American colony." The Society 

53 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

also prepared a set of lantern slides to illustrate a paper on 
Virginia's Colonial history, which was used at an Annual 
meeting and afterward sent through the Reciprocity Bureau, 
to other societies. New York has a similar set of slides of 
Colonial persons and places which it sends to the State 
schools. Connecticut also sends to the public schools sets 
of photographs of men and places of note in the Colonies, and 
the Ohio Society has inaugurated the experiment of telling 
stories of American history to the pupils in the public schools. 
Fifteen weekly lectures, illustrated by stereopticon views, 
were given in Cincinnati to more than one hundred children 
between the ages of eight and fourteen; the lantern slides 
loaned by the New York and Maryland societies, being 
especially beautiful. During the year 1912-191 3 the Society 
has given illustrated lectures on Colonial history in Cin- 
cinnati, Columbus, Cleveland, and Toledo to i 3,260 chil- 
dren. 

The New York Society combined instruction with profit 
by arranging a series of tableaux illustrating Colonial events 
and customs; one being a scene in the Orphan Master's 
Court, in 1670. This was given to raise funds for the pub- 
lication already referred to. The Society repeated, during 
the Hudson-Fulton celebration, in connection with an exhibit, 
some interesting lectures, previously given at the Metro- 
politan Museum. 

The societies also interest themselves in encouraging the 
knowledge and observance of the anniversaries of the great 
events in our Colonial history. In this spirit the societies 
in Virginia, Iowa, North Carolina, New Jersey, New Hamp- 
shire, Indiana, Texas, and many others observed, on May 
13, 1907, the three-hundredth anniversary of the landing 
at Jamestown. The Society in Kansas had articles on the 

54 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

subject printed in every newspaper in the State, and re- 
quested the observance of the day by the public schools. 
Texas awarded the prizes offered to the pupils of the high 
schools on that day and other societies secured proclama- 
tions by the governors, calling attention to the occasion. All 
the societies interested themselves in securing some recogni- 
tion, by the public schools, of its historical importance. 

Reference has been made to the annual pilgrimage of 
the North Carolina Society to the old Church, on the Cape 
Fear River. These local anniversaries and pilgrimages are 
peculiarly instructive, often calling attention to forgotten 
incidents in the history of the particular State. 

Among other interesting occasions was the celebration 
on May 27, 1903, of the two hundred and fiftieth anni- 
versary of the founding of the City of New York. The 
commemoration was held at the Van Cortlandt house, and 
the Society was presented with a window from the old Sugar 
house in Vandewater Street, which was used by the British 
as a prison during the Revolution. 

On the 22nd of November, 1903, the Maryland Society 
celebrated the anniversary of the sailing of the "Ark" and 
the " Dove" on St. Cecilia's Day, 1633, with Leonard Calvert 
as a passenger, to settle in Maryland. The anniversary 
of the arrival of these vessels was also celebrated on March 
25th. 

Interesting celebrations were held by Pennsylvania on 
the two hundredth anniversary of the birth of Benjamin 
Franklin, which was made the occasion of the presentation 
of six handsome copies of the Duplessis portrait to as many 
of the Philadelphia schools. In 1908 the same Society 
celebrated the two hundred and twenty-fifth anniversary 
of the signing, by William Penn, in England, of his Frame 

55 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

of Laws for Pennsylvania, known as the "Great Charter of 
Liberties." The original Charter of 1682 being exhibited on 
this occasion, through the courtesy of the owner. 

On October 28th of the previous year, the Dames of 
Delaware celebrated the two hundred and twenty-fifth 
anniversary of Penn's landing. A tablet was unveiled 
which has been already described as marking the site of 
the first English settlement in Delaware. 

In May, 1903, the Pennsylvania Society made a pil- 
grimage to Trinity Church, Oxford, one of the oldest 
churches in the country — its establishment as a mission 
dating from about 1698. 

In 1900 Virginia celebrated the anniversary of the first 
permanent Thanksgiving in 1622, and the following year 
they celebrated the salvation of the colony by the coming of 
Lord Delaware. The Society makes pilgrimages, at the time 
of its annual meeting in the spring, to Yorktown, to Monti- 
cello, and to the other numerous and interesting spots con- 
nected with the Colonial history of the State. 

(6) SCHOLARSHIPS, LECTURES, AND PRIZES 

The Corporate Societies, in their efforts to encourage the 
study of Colonial history, have all offered prizes, established 
scholarships, or instituted lectureships in the colleges, uni- 
versities and schools of their respective States. The prizes 
are offered for papers on American history, usually of the 
Colonial period of the State — and the scholarships are 
awarded for prize essays, or upon competitive examinations 
in American history. The history of the Colonial period is, 
in some way, made the axis upon which the benefaction 
turns. 

Medals and prizes ranging from $\o to ^100 are offered 

56 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

annually in the schools, public and private, by practically 
all of the thirty-eight Corporate Societies. 

Illinois has a five-year scholarship in American history 
at the Chicago University, under certain conditions, which 
are described below. It has recently established another 
in the Northwestern University. 

Massachusetts arranged two courses of lectures given 
by Dr. William Everett on Colonial history; and expended 
more than ^250 on books on Colonial history for the 
Normal School Library of Boston. The same Society offered 
prizes for six years for essays on Colonial history in four 
women's colleges in the State, and a prize of ^100 
to the American Art Association of Paris for a painting 
on a subject connected with Colonial history. The 
Society also contributed to the purchase of Mr. Howard 
Pyle's pictures upon the life and times of Washington, which 
have been placed in the Boston Public Library. 

Pennsylvania offers prizes in the public schools of four- 
teen counties in the State, and Virginia gave a scholarship to 
a young man of Colonial ancestry as a memorial to the dis- 
tinguished scientist, Matthew Fontaine Maury. Virginia 
has assisted other organizations in placing pictures of Wash- 
ington in the Virginia schools, and has contributed toward 
making one public school a model. It has established a 
scholarship in the University of Virginia, to be awarded 
to the author of the best essay on Virginia's Colonial his- 
tory, and offers a prize for a similar essay in certain girls' 
schools. 

Maryland has donated several courses of lectures at the 
JohnsHopkinsUniversity on Colonial historyand characters, 
and offers a gold medal and the silver loving cup. Memorial 
of the Lloyds of Wye, for essays in private schools, and ^50, 

57 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

through "one who loves learning" for public school prizes. 
The Rhode Island Society gave ^1,500 to Brown University, 
to be called the "Roger Williams Memorial Fund"; the 
income to be used for an annual prize for the best essay on 
Colonial history. New York gives a gold watch to the best 
all round cadet graduating from the Training Ship, Newport, 
each year, and a medal and ^50 for an essay on Colonial 
history at the University of Rochester. The Society in 
the State of Washington annually presents a gold medal for 
the best Colonial play or story written by a student of the 
State University. 

Scholarships are also established by the Society in Iowa; 
Ohio has one for five years in the University of Cincinnati 
for research in the early history of the Ohio Valley, and 
Mississippi has a three years' scholarship at Natchez for 
examinations and an essay on American history. Missouri 
has established a scholarship in Washington University 
known as the "Scholarship of American Citizenship." 
This Society also has a scholarship in the State University. 
The Arkansas Society presented an engraving of Stuart's 
Martha Washington to the Little Rock High School, in 
addition to offering prizes in the public schools in five towns 
in the State. Verm.ont has contributed to the education 
of a young woman of Colonial descent at Mt. Holyoke 
College, and Tennessee offers prizes in the public schools of 
Memphis, Knoxville,and Chattanooga; in the Watkins Night 
School and the Peabody Normal College in Nashville, and in 
several of the preparatory schools for boys in the State. 

Many of the scholarships and prizes take the form of 
memorials to former members of the Society. Pennsyl- 
vania has established one at Bryn Mawr, with a com- 
memorative tablet to Elizabeth Duane Gillespie; Maine 

58 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

has a memorial prize for essays, besides contributing liber- 
ally to memorials elsewhere to former officers of her Society, 
and Indiana has a memorial foundation for prizes offered 
to the pupils of her high schools. 

The essays which have won the medals and prizes 
offered by the Corporate Societies deserve more space than 
can be given them here. In New York they have been 
accepted by the Teachers College, and by the University 
of Rochester, as part of the requirement for the degree of 
B. A. In Iowa the Cecil Rhodes Scholarship was awarded 
to the winner of the Society's prize — his essay being the 
determining factor. Texas offers prizes in the high schools 
of seven towns in the State — in 1907 the prize was 
awarded to a Filipino. Unique among prize-winning 
"essays" was a well-written Colonial play which received 
the prize offered by the Society in the State of Washington. 

The societies have been so much encouraged by the 
results of this work that most of them have increased the 
sums so expended; North Carolina and Iowa having doubled 
the prizes offered since 1910. 

(7) PATRIOTIC AND EDUCATIONAL WORK AMONG 
IMMIGRANTS AND ILLITERATE MOUNTAINEERS 

The societies in the West were the first to realize their 
opportunity for patriotic and educational work among the 
immigrants who yearly throng our shores, and the form this 
work has taken is most interesting and fully justifies the 
theory upon which the organization was founded, as stated 
in the Preamble of the Constitution of the National Society, 
which recites, that: 

Whereas, History shows that the remembrance of a 
nation's glory in the past stimulates to national greatness in 

59 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

the future, and that successive generations are awakened to 
truer patriotism and aroused to nobler endeavor by the con- 
templation of the heroic deeds of their forefathers; therefore 
the Society of Colonial Dames of America has been formed, 
that the descendants of those men who in the Colonial 
period by their rectitude, courage, and self-denial prepared 
the way for success in that struggle which gained for the 
country its liberty and constitution, may associate them- 
selves together to do honor to the virtues of their forefathers, 
and to encourage, in all who come under their influence, true 
patriotism, built on a knowledge of the self-sacrifice and 
heroism of those men of the colonies who laid the foundation 
of this great nation. 

Those who have read "The Promised Land," by Mary 
Antin, must have been struck by the hold which the charac- 
ter of George Washington took upon the imagination of that 
gifted young Jewish Immigrant and its influence upon her 
subsequent career; and the underlying principle of the time- 
worn maxims that "Example is better than precept," and 
"Actions speak louder than words," is contained in the 
truth that we are more moved by facts and personalities 
than by theories or exhortation, no matter how movingly 
put, or by what authority expounded. The illiterate 
foreigners or mountaineers, who could not understand the 
Constitution or the Declaration of Independence, can be 
reached by tales of heroism and civic virtue, and moved to 
imitate those characters which stand out from the pages of 
our history and appeal to the most sluggish imagination. 

With the opening years of this century the Society in 
Illinois began this wonderful and valuable work and kindled 
a torch which, we trust, shall never go out in the National 

60 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Society. It began by appropriating ^1,500 to a five-year 
scholarship in the Chicago University, conditioned upon 
competitive examinations — the successful candidate to 
agree to engage in patriotic, educational work in the foreign 
settlements of the State, at the request, and under the 
direction, of the Illinois Society of Colonial Dames. The 
fruit of this planting was manifold — not only did the bene- 
ficiaries of the scholarship ably and successfully perform the 
service required of them, but other and unexpected forces 
were set in motion. The press of the State became inter- 
ested and ably and persistently seconded the efforts of the 
Society, and one of the daily papers, incited by their exam- 
ple, established, at its own expense, in 1906, a series of free 
lectures to foreigners. The pastors of foreign congregations 
in the city became interested and lent their aid to the work, 
and the President of the Bohemian Society, in cooperation 
with the Illinois Dames, gave talks upon the privileges and 
obligations of foreigners who assume American citizenship. 
These talks were made to large and interested audiences of 
newly arrived foreigners in their own language. On the 
22nd of February the lecture was upon Washington as a 
citizen, illustrated by photographs of Mount Vernon and 
of the great Virginian himself, and by a copy of his " Rules of 
Life." 

In reading the report of this work, which was the Epi- 
phany of a new era to these Immigrants, one can imagine 
them saying, as did those assembled of old on the Day of 
Penticost — "How hear we every man in our own tongue 
wherein we were born! . . . Italians and Greeks, 
Russians and Bulgarians, and the dwellers in Hungary; 
we do hear them speak, in our own tongue, the wonderful 
works of God." 

61 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

Among the students who benefited by this scholarship 
was a Bohemian who displayed a remarkable aptitude for 
the work he undertook. His lectures and classes attracted 
large audiences of foreigners, one of them being delivered 
at the James McCosh School to an audience that filled 
the Assembly Hall. Later he became the Principal of 
one of the largest public schools in the Bohemian quarter of 
Chicago, where he continues the work of instructing his 
pupils in American history and its teachings. The Illinois 
Society realizing, to quote from their own report — "the fact 
that the process of Americanizing the immigrant should 
begin as soon as he arrives, and should not be postponed 
until other and undesirable forces take hold of him," assists 
Mr. Zimrhl in the prosecution of this work. He celebrates, 
with the children, every date of importance in our history; 
and addresses, in their own language, large audiences of 
foreigners on Good Citizenship and kindred topics. The 
Illinois Society provides the necessary text-books, which are 
not supplied by the School Board. Under their direction 
he has prepared a Civic Primer for the use of newly arrived 
foreigners, which sets forth, in simple language, the germs of 
our political institutions. The Society has printed it in 
English and Bohemian, attractively bound in buff and blue, 
and intends to publish it in other languages and scatter 
it broadcast among the immigrant class. The report of the 
Illinois Society for 19 12-19 13 states that the Civic Primers 
have been distributed to Mr. Zimrhl, Hull House, North- 
western University Settlement, the Princeton Endowment, 
the Chicago University Settlement, the Illinois Suffrage 
Association, Mr. Graham Taylor, Fellowship House, the 
School of Civics and Philanthropy, the Newberry Library 
and the Immigration Protective League; to the latter to 

62 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

the number of one thousand. The Board of Education has 
accepted the Primer for use in the night classes in Civics 
in the Public Schools and has asked that a thousand copies 
be kept in reserve for them. The Public Library asked for 
forty copies in English and Bohemian, and in "all English." 
An expert on immigration will be consulted and the next 
language chosen for the Primer will be the one recommended 
by the Immigration Bureau to meet the needs of the greatest 
number. In 1909 the Society established a second scholar- 
ship at the Northwestern University. The Jewish immi- 
grants are being drawn, in increasing numbers, into this 
work, and among them are young boys very much above 
the average in ability and earnestness. Who shall estimate 
the value to our country of this training of these future 
citizens; of this setting of their feet upon right paths and 
instilling into their receptive minds a knowledge and love 
of civic righteousness! 

The societies in Wisconsin, and other States, especially 
in the West, have also taken up this patriotic work as being, 
in the language of one of them, "the soundest work, edu- 
cationally and socially, of anything we are doing, and the 
best civic investment a city or its citizens can make." Mis- 
souri has a scholarship in Washington University, and the 
beneficiary agrees to give a course of lectures before an aud- 
ience of foreign-born men and boys on patriotic subjects. 
As a preparation for this work the winner of the scholar- 
ship in 1909 taught classes of young Italians employed in the 
factories. They were eager to learn English and attended 
his lectures with enthusiasm. The student of the scholarship 
in 1906 gave lectures on American history before the Hun- 
garian Society. They were illustrated with slides and de- 
livered to an interested audience of four hundred. In 1912 

63 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

an illustrated lecture entitled "This Country of Ours" was 
delivered on five consecutive evenings to audiences com- 
posed mainly of foreigners. The total attendance was 1 168. 

The Society in Michigan provides lectures, in their own 
tongue, for the Italians who crowd the streets of Detroit. 
At the first lecture there was an attendance of more than 
four hundred; at the second nearly seven hundred, of whom 
one-fourth were men and voters. The attendance finally 
increased to twelve hundred, with many turned away for 
lack of room. The talks were on American history, "A 
Model City," and kindred subjects. The Society has secured 
the cooperation of the more intelligent Italians and has 
been encouraged in its work by the support of one of the 
best Italian newspapers in Detroit. 

In Colorado, Wisconsin, and Ohio the Dames are also pro- 
viding lectures and classes for the instruction of immigrants 
in good citizenship. In 1907-8 Minnesota began a series of 
stereopticon lectures to foreigners delivered by a rabbi, who 
was also a Polish immigrant. Massachusetts inaugurated a 
class in History and Civics among the Russian and Italian 
immigrants in the North End of Boston, in 1904, which was 
merged in the City History Club later. A series of tab- 
leaux illustrating the early history of Boston was given, with 
a descriptive lecture, in the same district, in 1906, in which 
children of different nationalities took part. The Society 
has contributed liberally to the Boston City History Club, 
and is now cooperating actively with the North American 
Civic League for immigrants, which prints and distributes 
pamphlets in seven languages, giving useful information to 
immigrants. The Society has subscribed to two traveling 
libraries in Italian and Polish, which are to be sent out to the 
smaller towns in the State. 

64 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Colorado assists in the maintenance of a Free Library 
for the education of foreign children, in connection with 
Social Settlement work. 

New York supports four classes in the City History Club: 
The " Edith Parker Stimson Club," which meets in the even- 
ing; the "Christopher Columbus Club," with an average 
attendance of thirty-eight Italian boys and girls; the 
"Stillman," for colored boys and girls, and the "Gramercy," 
which is composed of boys confined to the Truant School. 
Some of the classes make historic excursions in the State; and 
some have given historical plays. Lectures in history are 
given so successfully that members of the Gramercy Club in 
the Truant School, who were discharged from the school, 
came back to attend the lectures. As an example of the 
work accomplished by these City History clubs it is re- 
lated that "when making excavations for the subway in 
lower Broadway, the engineers were puzzled by the discovery 
of some curious wooden pipes of a primitive construction. 
A lad in the crowd cried out : ' I know what those pipes 
are; they are part of the water-works Aaron Burr laid when 
he wanted to get a charter for his bank.' On examination, 
the boy's inference was found to be correct, and the en- 
gineers expressed the opinion that it might be well if they 
themselves should join a City History class." "On Evac- 
uation day in 1907, a tablet was placed upon the pedestal 
of the historic gun on Fort Clinton, at McGowan's Pass. 
The money for this tablet, twenty-three thousand pennies, 
was raised by the children of the City History classes of 
New York." 

Indiana contributes to an Immigrant Aid Society and 
has placed Civic Primers in an immigrant school, and 
Civic leaflets in four languages in the Cosmopolitan Mission. 

65 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

A club for Italian boys was conducted, for some time, 
by the Dames in Tennessee, and similar organizations were 
maintained by the Society for the Greek bootblacks in 
Nashville. 

"Iowa supports a class in history and citizenship at the 
Friendly House in Davenport. This institution has classes 
in all kinds of helps to right (and happier) living; classes 
in housekeeping and cooking, classes in mechanics, 
classes in sewing, in sanitary care of the home, and social 
and reading rooms as well as educational classes. The 
emigrant is taught how to live in America, and the Society 
tries by lectures, moving pictures, and other devices, to 
teach him to love our common country and its heroes; and to 
understand our real aims and ideals." 

While the societies in the North and West are endeavor- 
ing to teach to immigrants the principles of good citizenship, 
the societies in the South and Southeast have an allied op- 
portunity in the education of the Southern mountaineers. 
The Society in Tennessee forms a connecting link between 
the two, for it has interested itself in both endeavors. It 
provides classes in American history for the immigrants in 
Nashville, and at the same time it has done notable work 
for the mountaineers in its own State. It supported a 
class in American history in the Settlement Home in Nash- 
ville, besides contributing liberally to the Appalachian In- 
dustrial Educational Association. In cooperation with one 
of the county school boards, it replaced a decrepit and 
inadequate school-house, in an unattractive locality, with 
an artistic and modern building constructed according 
to designs furnished by the Society's Chairman of Edu- 
cation. A new site was selected on a beautifully wooded 
hillside with an extensive view, the school was equipped with 

66 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

the most improved appliances, curtains were hung at the 
windows and copies of masterpieces on the walls. It has 
become a meeting place for the village; the school year has 
been extended, a circulating library established, and an 
adjoining township is preparing to build a new school which 
shall rival this "Colonial School" at Craggie Hope. 

The Society has recently begun educational work in the 
mountains of Van Buren County. A tract of land was 
purchased, containing an orchard and garden plot, and a 
substantial cottage was built and simply but comfortably 
furnished. The Settlement Home was placed near the 
County School, and the worker in charge cooperated, as 
far as possible, with the teacher of the public school. She 
continued it for several months with a large enrollment, 
after the four-months' term had expired, and besides her 
duties of visiting, she formed a Girl's Club which proved a 
boon to the women because of the mother's meetings which 
were held there. A mission worker will carry on the work 
during the summer, and the President of the State Rural 
School Improvement Association will organize a branch of 
the Association. 

Kentucky supports a school among the Kentucky 
mountaineers besides contributing liberally to those already 
in existence and to settlement work in the State; and the 
Society in Georgia is actively engaged in the same work 
for the mountaineers, making itself responsible for the 
board and tuition of a pupil. Florida, Iowa, and Wisconsin 
support pupils in mountain schools, and the Society in 
New Jersey, besides very liberal gifts of money, contributes 
books and school supplies to mountain schools in the South. 
Colorado, Maine, Vermont, Indiana, and Mississippi con- 
tribute sums from ^50 to ^200 annually, to the same object. 

67 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

and Michigan has taken a life membership in the Mountain 
Industries of North Carolina. 

(8) OTHER PATRIOTIC AND EDUCATIONAL WORK 

In the observance of Flag Day, and instruction as to the 
respect due the Flag and the National Anthem, the Cor- 
porate Societies have been active. Pennsylvania has been 
foremost in this endeavor. It began the observance of the 
anniversary on June 14, 1893, with a celebration for school 
children, receiving them in the famous Betsy Ross house on 
Arch Street, where the first flag was made, in 1777. The 
members of this Society are so infused with the missionary 
spirit in this respect, that when one of them, in traveling in 
the Petrified Forest in Arizona, discovered a region where 
there was neither a flag nor a doctor within fifty miles, she 
considered the latter a trifling affair, but the former a want 
to be instantly supplied. She thereupon visited a school in 
the neighborhood, taught the children to rise when the flag 
is unfurled or when the National Anthem is sung, and sent 
them a flag and patriotic song books. Another anniversary 
was celebrated by Pennsylvania in Independence Hall, 
where an exhibit of flags was held, loaned by the United 
States Arsenal, with a descriptive address. The flag which 
the National Society uses at the opening of the councils 
was the gift of the Pennsylvania Society. 

As early as 1898 several of the societies sent committees 
to visit the proprietors of the theatres and interest them in 
inducing their audiences to rise when the National Anthem 
is played. Many of the societies observe Flag Day by 
having addresses on the history of the flag; the Wisconsin 
Society has held an annual meeting commemorating the 
day since 1907 when they listened to an address from Gen. 

63 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Charles King; and the Rhode Island Society arranged an 
address to the Providence Boys' Club. The Legislature of 
New Jersey, at the instance of the New Jersey Dames, has 
adopted A Salute to the Flag, and this Society is most active 
in teaching school children a proper respect for it. Practi- 
cally all of the Corporate Societies do patriotic work along 
this line. 

Through the solicitation of the Dames of Virginia the 
Secretary of War consented to name a battleship for that 
State; and when it was completed, the Society presented it 
with a silver epergne and candelabra for its table. They 
also approached the Virginia Legislature and induced it to 
present a silver service and punch-bowl to this battleship. 
"The Cruiser Maryland carries on its superb set of Kirk's 
silver, presented by the State, reproductions of scenes in 
the early Colony, furnished by the Chairman on Historic 
Research, for which a bronze medal was presented by the 
firm." 

II THE WORK OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

A. RESTORATIVE AND COMMEMORATIVE 
(l) BUILDINGS 

So much for the work of the Corporate Societies as 
individuals. In their federated capacity as the national 
SOCIETY OF colonial DAMES OF AMERICA, they have some 
notable achievements to their credit, and none more inter- 
esting than the restoration of the Colonial Church at James- 
town Island in 1907. 

The Association for the Preservation of Virginia Anti- 
quities, to whom belongs the site of the church and twenty- 

69 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

two acres surrounding it, had some years before, made careful 
excavations in the rear of the old church tower at James- 
town, which disclosed the remains of two foundations; the 
outer one of the brick church built about 1640, and an 
inner one which had evidently supported a frame building 
believed to be the church of 161 7 in which the House of 
Burgesses met — the first legislative assembly that ever sat 
on American soil. The excavations also disclosed the 
remains of a tiled chancel and gravestones laid in its floor. 
To protect these sacred ruins from the disintegrating eflfect 
of the climate, the Association had covered them with a 
rough wooden shed, and it was suggested that the National 
Society of Colonial Dames should replace this rude shelter by 
a reproduction of the brick church which stood there in 1640. 
As early as the Council of 1902 the attention of the mem- 
bers was called to the approaching three-hundredth anni- 
versary of the Landing at Jamestown, in 1607, of the first 
permanent English settlers in this country; and it was 
recommended that the National Society should take some 
suitable action with regard to it. By the following Council 
of 1904 the proposal took definite shape in a resolution by the 
Society in Massachusetts that: "A permanent memorial 
should be placed at Jamestown, Virginia, by the National 
Society of the Colonial Dames of America." The proposal 
met with instant and unanimous approval by the Council; 
the societies in Kentucky and in Michigan had already sub- 
scribed to the undertaking, and during the years between 
1904 and 1907 the work was carried forward, under the able 
leadership of the President of the Massachusetts Society, 
in a manner that won the admiration and gratitude of the 
entire membership. The necessary funds were raised with 
spontaneity and enthusiasm; but the total cost in money, 

70 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

($11,558.51). for all expenses of the presentation as well as 
the erection of the building, was small compared with the 
outlay, by the committee, in the scrupulous care and the 
painstaking accuracy with which the old foundations were 
preserved and the ancient church, with its graceful lines, its 
buttresses and its Gothic windows, was reproduced. 

The Committee had the valuable assistance of Mr. 
Samuel H. Yonge, United States Engineer in charge of 
James River, and author of "The Site of Old Jamestown"; 
Mr. Glenn Brown, of the National Institute of Architects 
in Washington; Mr. Edmund M. Wheelwright, Architect, 
of Boston; and Mr. William G. Stanard of Richmond, 
Genealogist and Secretary of the Virginia Historical Society; 
men whose reputation was a guarantee of the quality of their 
work and who entered into it with enthusiasm, making their 
services a gift to the National Society and to the patriotic 
purpose it had in view. A careful and exhaustive study of 
the subject resulted in a plan which, it is confidently asserted, 
practically reproduces the old brick church of 1640, which 
was burnt — all but the ruined tower — during Bacon's 
Rebellion in 1676. 

The tower was left untouched, and the foundations of the 
church of 1640, as well as the earlier one, were sacredly pre- 
served, the walls of the Memorial Building being supported 
by piers and steel beams without serious disturbance to the 
original foundations. The floor was lowered to show the 
foundations of the two churches, and at the eastern end the 
new foundations were built entirely free from the old work 
in order that the tiling in the chancel — which is in three 
different layers of as many periods — might be undisturbed. 
The Committee found material at hand for the faithful 
reproduction of the church. About 30 miles down the river 

71 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

Stands the church at Smithfield built in the 17th century, 
and said to be "the most remarkable architectural monu- 
ment left by English colonists in this country," which served 
as a model for the restoration at Jamestown, having the 
round arched windows, with moulded brick tracery, and the 
brick buttresses which tradition and its ruins give to the 
Jamestown Church. 

The Island of Jamestown has been practically unin- 
habited since the capital was moved to Williamsburg in 
1698, and the first colonists left it, driven to seek a more 
healthful climate further inland; and as the old church fell 
into unheeded ruins, bit by bit, roof and windows and walls, 
it was undisturbed save by the disintegrating effect of the 
damp, salt air. And so it happened that in the soil near 
by were found old slate from the origmal roof; wrought iron 
hinges from the doors; pieces of leads from the diamond- 
paned sash, and bits of clear glass from the windows, which 
gave the clue and supplied the pattern for these details. 
The untiring diligence of the Committee resulted in the 
purchase of two old brick houses of the period, which fur- 
nished the salt glazed brick of the required. size and color, 
which could never have been imitated. These brick were 
carefully laid in "English bond," to correspond with the old 
tower, which gave the effect of age to the building; and to- 
day, after the lapse of only a few years, the ivy has begun 
to creep up the walls, and the mist and the damp from the 
river have touched them with moss and with mould, until one 
could almost believe they had been standing as long as the 
old square tower, looking toward the river whence the early 
settlers departed in 1698, on their mission of colonization 
and conquest, to return no more to those lonely shores. 

On the nth of May, 1907, the Memorial was presented 

72 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Anti- 
quities with imposing and moving ceremonies. Six hundred 
of the Dames marched in procession from the boatlanding 
on Jamestown Island to the restored church. First came 
the Richmond Blues in their striking uniform and plumed 
casques; then a surpliced choir of boys, singing an ancient 
hymn to a melody composed in Queen Elizabeth's day, and 
then the Dames, marching, as has been said, "as an Old 
World Pilgrimage full of color and music." 

In the walls of the Memorial are many interesting tab- 
lets; that of the National Society made of green slate reads: 

TO THE GLORY OF GOD 

AND IN GRATEFUL REMEMBRANCE OF 

THE ADVENTURERS IN ENGLAND 

AND 

ANCIENT PLANTERS IN VIRGINIA 

WHO THROUGH EVIL REPORT 

AND LOSS OF FORTUNE 

THROUGH SUFFERING AND DEATH 

MAINTAINED STOUT HEARTS 

AND LAID THE FOUNDATION 

OF OUR COUNTRY. 

THIS BUILDING IS ERECTED BY THE 

NATIONAL SOCIETY OF COLONIAL DAMES 

OF AMERICA 

TO COMMEMORATE THE 

THREE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY OF 

THE LANDING OF THE 

FIRST PERMANENT ENGLISH SETTLERS 

UPON AMERICAN SOIL 

1607. THE I3TH OF MAY. IQOJ. 

73 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

Another, to John Smith, copied from his tombstone in St. 
Sepulchre's Church in England, is too quaint to be omitted 
from any account of the Memorial. It was given by the 
Washington Branch of the A. P. V. A. 

TO THE LIVING MEMORY OF HIS 

DECEASED FRIEND, CAPITAINE 

JOHN SMITH, SOMETIME 

GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA 

AND ADMIRAL OF NEW ENGLAND 

WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE 2 1 ST OF 

JUNE 163I 

'accordamus vincere est vivere' 



here lies one conquer d who hath 

conquer'd kings 
subdu'd large territories and done 

THINGS 

WHICH TO THE WORLD IMPOSSIBLE WOULD 

SEEME 

BUT THAT THE TRUTH IS HELD IN MORE 

ESTEEME. 

SHALL I REPORT HIS FORMER SERVICE 

DONE 

IN HONOUR OF HIS GOD AND 

CHRISTENDOME 

HOW THAT HE DID DIVIDE FROM PAGANS 

THREE 

THEIR HEADS AND LIVES, TYPES OF HIS 

CHIVALRY, 

FOR WHICH GREAT SERVICE IN THAT CLIMATE 

DONE 

74 



the colonial dames of america 

brave sigismundus (king of 

hungarion) 

did give him as a coat of armes to 

WEARE 

THOSE CONQUER'd HEADS, GOT BY HIS 

SWORD AND SPEARE. 

OR SHALL I TELL OF HIS ADVENTURES 

SINCE — 

DONE IN VIRGINIA, THAT LARGE CONTINENCE, 

HOW THAT HE SUBDU'd KINGS UNTO 

HIS YOKE 
AND MADE THOSE HEATHEN FLEE AS 

WIND DOTHE SMOKE 

AND MADE THEIR LAND BEING OF SO 

LARGE A STATION 

A HABITATION FOR ONE CHRISTIAN 

NATION 

WHERE GOD IS GLORIFI'd, THEIR WANTS 

suppli'd 
which else for necessaries, must 

HAVE DY'd. 
BUT WHAT AVAILS HIS CONQUESTS NOW 

HE LYES 
INTERR'd in EARTH A PREY FOR WORMS 

AND flies: 

O MAY HIS SOULE IN SWEET 

ELYSIUM SLEEPE 

UNTIL THE KEEPER THAT ALL SOULES 

DOTHE KEEPE 

RETURNE TO JUDGMENT, AND THAT 

AFTER THENCE 

WITH ANGELS HE MAY HAVE HIS 

RECOMPENCE. 

75 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

Other tablets placed in the Memorial Building by the 
Virginia Society have been already mentioned. 

In pursuance of its interest in the preservation of his- 
toric buildings, the Council of 1904 sent a protest to Con- 
gress when it was proposed by the Park Commissioners plan 
to locate the public buildings in Washington City around 
Lafayette Square which would result in the destruction of 
such buildings as St. John's Church and the historic houses 
which have been the homes of Commodore Decatur, Web- 
ster, Randolph, the Blairs, father and son, and Mrs. Madison. 

(2) HISTORICAL PUBLICATIONS 

The National Society is taking its place and performing 
its work as one of the historical associations of the country. 
It is invited to make reports before the meetings of the 
American Historical Association, and since 1900 it has had 
a National Committee engaged in historical research. 
The results achieved by this Committee have been already 
described in the work done by the Corporate Societies in 
the writing of papers on historical subjects, and the search 
for and publication of old diaries, letters, and documents. 
The National Society has a Reciprocity Bureau by which 
these papers are passed from one society to another. 

As a result of this research work the National Society 
has published the following volumes from original and 
hitherto unpublished sources. 

"The Correspondence of William Pitt when Secretary 
of State, with Colonial Governors and Military and Naval 
Commissioners in America"; in 2 volumes. 

This work was opened to the Society through the kind 
offices of Dr. J. Franklin Jameson, formerly of the Uni- 
versity of Chicago and later Director of the Department of 

76 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Historical Research in the Carnegie Institute of Washington, 
who had access to the papers; and the cooperation of Mr. 
Hubert Hall of the London Record Office and the Royal 
Historical Society of England. The expense of the pre- 
liminary search in England was borne by the Virginia 
Society. 

The Dames of South Carolina furnished, as one of the 
illustrations, a reproduction of the statue of William Pitt 
which stands in the City of Charleston. This statue was 
voted by the South Carolina Assembly in 1766 and erected 
in 1769. During the bombardment of Charleston by the 
British in 1780 it was a target for the English guns. The 
inscription on the statue reads: 

"In grateful memory of his services to his country in 
general and to America in particular, the Common House 
of Assembly of South Carolina unanimously voted this 
Statue of THE RIGHT HONORABLE WILLIAM PITT, 
ESQUIRE, who gloriously exerted himself in defending the 
freedom of Americans, the true sons of England, by promo- 
ting a repeal of the Stamp Act in the year 1766. Time shall 
sooner destroy this mark of their esteem than erase from 
their minds their just sense of his patriotic virtues. Erected 
July 5th, 1769." 

The book was edited by Miss Kimball, under the auspices 
of the National Society of the Colonial Dames of America, 
and met with very favorable notice from the reviews, and 
a restricted sale to libraries and associations interested in 
historic research, which resulted in 5^1,000 received as 
royalties after paying the expenses of publication. 

The next work undertaken by the National Society, 
through the Research Committee — one branch of which 

77 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

became a Publication Committee in 1904 — was the " Letters 
of Richard Henry Lee," made accessible through Dr. 
Jameson, Dr. Andrews of the Johns Hopkins and of Yale 
Universities, and Dr. Ballagh the compiler and editor. The 
work is to be in two volumes. 

Later the Society published the "Letters of William 
Shirley, Governor of Massachusetts, and Military Com- 
mander in America, 1731-1760"; which fills in the period 
preceding the Pitt correspondence and is harmonious with 
it. The work is in two volumes and gives accounts of the 
Louisburg campaign; the correspondence with Braddock 
and Sir William Johnson; the Albany Plan for Union at that 
date, and the relations between London and the Assemblies 
in the Colonies. For these data the Committee was again 
indebted to Dr. Jameson, Dr. Andrews, Gaillard Hunt, Esq., 
Superintendent of the Manuscript Division of the Congres- 
sional Library, and to Charles Henry Lincoln, Ph. D., of 
the Antiquarian Society of Worcester, Massachusetts, as 
editor. 

A fourth publication, now begun, is to be a book of 
travels on the American continent, during the Colonial 
period, containing, for example, "The Diary of A Lady of 
Quality," found by Dr. Andrews among the Egerton manu- 
scripts in the British Museum. 

In line with the above research work and publications 
the National Society has made an appropriation to facilitate 
the preservation of existing records. This fund, under 
certain conditions, is to be applied to the preservation of 
records liable to destruction, where the individuals or the 
societies having access to them are without the means for 
their rescue. 

78 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

(3) LOAN EXHIBITS AND COLLECTIONS OF RELICS 
BY THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

In i899the Smithsonian Institution in Washington appro- 
priated certain cases for a Permanent Loan Exhibit of Col- 
onial Relics by the National Society of Colonial Dames. 
Since then these cases have been filled with interesting and 
valuable relics, conforming very closely to the period which 
the Society commemorates. A National Committee has 
charge of this exhibit and the cases are kept supplied; as 
articles are withdrawn by the owners others are loaned to 
take their places. The societies in Maryland, Virginia, 
and the District of Columbia have taken an active interest 
in this Exhibit, their proximity to Washington making it 
convenient for them to deposit their valuable relics. The 
list of entries loaned from time to time is too long to be 
given here; it may be found, in full, in the Minutes of the 
Councils from 1900 to 19 12, and includes interesting sig- 
natures, articles belonging to distinguished men and women 
of the Colonial period; silver, china, pewter, jewels, swords, 
embroidery, and laces. Among the most interesting relics 
are: 

The silver bauble of the Mace given by George I to the 
Colony of Virginia, which was borne before the representa- 
tive of royalty in the colony at the sessions of the Burgesses. 
It is emblazoned with the arms of England, Ireland, Scot- 
land, and Virginia. 

The silk sash worn by General Braddock at the time of 
his defeat at Fort Duquesne (Pittsburgh), July 9, 175 5- The 
sash shows a shot-hole, and was at one time the property of 
General Washington and of General Zachary Taylor. 

A Baptismal basin of Dutch silver of the seventeenth 

79 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

century. It was sent from Holland to the first Dutch 
church on Manhattan Island in 1694, and now belongs to 
the South Reformed Church in New York. It bears around 
its rim an inscription in Low Dutch, by Dominie Selyns. 
Among those baptized from it were Nicholas Roosevelt, 
Abraham de Peyster; Gelyn Verplanck; Robert Livingston; 
Gerret Schuyler, and others famous in New York's Colonial 
history. 

The Committee also has a card catalogue which includes 
every article loaned. 

The National Society made a very interesting exhibit 
of Colonial relics at the Jamestown Exposition. Of the 
various societies, those in Maryland, Rhode Island, Georgia, 
Vermont, and Virginia were the only ones exhibiting. Other 
societies, notably those in Pennsylvania and Connecticut, 
made valuable collections of documents, silver, and other 
interesting relics, which were withdrawn in consequence of 
the delay in finishing the American History Building at the 
Exposition. The Society in Massachusetts, as has been 
stated, collected and arranged the exhibit for the State, at 
the request of the Commissioners, and the South Carolina 
historical exhibit was collected and arranged by a member 
of the South Carolina Society. The Pennsylvania Dames 
also contributed largely to their State exhibit of Colonial 
relics, and the Ecclesiastical exhibit from Maryland, which 
was most complete and interesting, was arranged at the 
request of the Bishop of Maryland, by the Chairman of the 
Committee on Historic Research of the National Society 
of Colonial Dames of America. It comprised the Colonial 
period of the Church in Maryland, as well as that of recent 
times. 

The collections made by the societies were full of interest, 

80 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

and a complete list of the exhibits is given in the minutes 
of the Council of 1908. 

The Maryland Society had a collection of old documents, 
old books, jewels, silver plate, costumes and portraits, such 
as has seldom or never been exhibited in America. The 
portraits included those of the Calverts, Howards, Ridgeleys. 
and Carrolls, the most interesting being a portrait of Leon- 
ard Calvert, first governor of the Province of Maryland, 
1 634- 1 647. This was the original painting presented by 
Governor Leonard Calvert to Margaret Brent, and after 
having been lost for two hundred years, was only lately 
discovered and loaned to the Maryland Society for this 
Exposition. The exhibit also included miniatures, por- 
celain, and a series of colored photographs of old Maryland 
manors: Brooke Court; Saint Clement's Manor; Bushwood; 
Saint Inigos's and Trinity manors; and Cross Manor of 
Saint Mary's County — the oldest brick house in Maryland. 

The Virginia exhibit included portraits by Van Dyck, 
Stuart, and Sully; the subjects being such names as Spotts- 
wood, Moore, Carter, Lee, Ludwell, Randolph, Tayloe, 
Ambler, Byrd, Cabell, and Page. There were interesting 
articles belonging to noted Virginians of the Colonial period, 
relics from Jamestown, pictures of well-known Colonial 
mansions in Virginia, and coins, jewelry, miniatures and 
embroideries of surpassing interest. 

The Georgia Society sent portraits of Oglethorpe, Bulloch, 
Noble-Jones, Whitefield, Tondee, and Habersham; Colonial 
documents and laces, and a doll's tea set in silver of Queen 
Anne's time, with certified hallmarks, consisting of coffee 
and tea pots, tea-caddy, sugar-bowl, cream-pitcher, six cups, 
five saucers and two spoons. 

The Vermont exhibit, besides portraits and other relics, 

81 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

was rich in old china, copper, and silver. A copy of Poor 
Richard's Almanac excited special interest. 

From Rhode Island came a coffee-mill of 1721; 
linen sheets of Barbara Slade; Hopkins silver and other 
antiques. 

The exhibit at Jamestown was awarded a gold medal. 

(4) COLLECTION OF OLD ECCLESIASTICAL SILVER, 

AND DESCRIPTIVE BOOK, ENTITLED "THE OLD SILVER 

OF AMERICAN CHURCHES" 

At the Council of 19 10 a request was presented, through 
th^ Massachusetts Society, that the National Society should 
cooperate in the investigating, describing, and cataloguing of 
the old church silver in America, according to the plan 
suggested by Mr. Francis H. Bigelow of Cambridge, a part 
of which plan was that Mr. E. Alfred Jones, of England, 
should come to America and photograph and catalogue all 
the ecclesiastical silver prior to 1800. 

Whereupon the National Council voted five hundred 
dollars to pay the traveling expenses of Mr. Jones, who had 
agreed to donate his services, and the Corporate Societies 
were asked to assist him by collecting the old ecclesiastical 
silver in their own states for his inspection. 

Mr. Jones, is the greatest living authority on gold and 
silver craft. He has examined and written on the collections 
of the King of England, the Czar of Russia, the University 
of Cambridge, and Mr. J. Pierpont Morgan, and his investi- 
gations and researches have been carried on all over the 
world. To this work on ecclesiastical silver, Mr. Jones 
most generously gives his time, for his expenses only are 
paid, and the Dames are justly proud that their energy 
and public spirit has made possible the publication of this 

82 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

book, which will be an accurate historic record, and there- 
fore of great value to future generations. 

The work was undertaken because, among other reasons, 
it was known that much of the old church silver in America, 
of English and American make, was being lost or destroyed; 
or, being kept in private houses, was liable to destruction 
by fire or theft. Some pieces, it was known — being un- 
used and tarnished — had been thrown away as pewter; 
and it was earnestly desired that lists and photographs 
should be made of it, and that, if possible, it should be 
collected and placed in museums or other fireproof buildings. 

The societies entered with interest into this work, and 
in many instances discovered valuable pieces in the most 
unlikely places. In Pennsylvania, a small paten and candle- 
stick were found by workmen in digging the foundation for 
a sawmill in Tioga County, on the extreme northern boun- 
dary of the State, along the banks of the Cowanesque River. 
They were four feet under ground when the spade struck 
the paten, which plainly shows the mark of the implement 
on its edge. The little plate is four and one half inches in 
diameter and is marked on the bottom in large Roman 
characters, /. H. S. The candlestick is but five inches high 
and once had a companion, which was recently lost by an 
accident. These were evidently intended to go into the 
bag or pocket of the Jesuit missionary to whom, in all prob- 
ability, they belonged. 

The New Jersey Society discovered one service under a 
church porch; another, forgotten, in Princeton Theological 
Seminary. 

One of the vessels which the Maryland Society photo- 
graphed was found, it is said, to be a counterpart of the one 
used by Father Huddlestone at the deathbed of Charles 11. 

83 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

An effort was made to assemble the silver at certain 
museums convenient for different sections of the country, 
and the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, The Metropolitan 
Museum of Art in New York, and The National Museum in 
Washington most cordially cooperated in the work. But 
in many — indeed in most instances — the churches were 
unwilling to send their silver away; and Mr. Jones therefore 
went in person through the older states as far south as 
Georgia, and where he could not go, the societies had 
photographs prepared and sent to him with descriptions 
and rubbings of hallmarks. 

The book is now in preparation, and will be entitled "The 
Old Silver of American Churches."* Mr. Jones has written 
a preface which will add greatly to its value for collectors; 
it will be profusely illustrated and will contain a genealogical 
account of each donor, a record of the silversmiths, and a 
reproduction of the arms engraved on the vessels. The 
Massachusetts Society has undertaken the financial side 
of the publication, feeling that the enterprise reflected so 
much credit on the National Society that it was worthy their 
cooperation. 

The following is a partial list of subscribers to "The 
Old Silver of the American Churches:" 

The Queen of England. 

British Museum. 

Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. 

Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. 

Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia. 

Rhode Island School of Design, Providence. 

*It is proposed to print a limited edition of 500 copies only, to be issued to 
subscribers. The price to individuals is 5 guineas ($26.00) plus 20% duty; to 
churches, libraries, and museums the duty is remitted. 

84 



the colonial dames of america 
Essex Institute, Salem. 
Boston Athen^um, Boston. 
Harvard University Library, Cambridge. 
Yale University Library, New Haven. 
Congressional Library, Washington. 
Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston. 
N. E. Historic Genealogical Society, Boston. 
Peabody Institute, Baltimore. 
Rt. Rev. William Lawrence, Boston. 
J. PiERFONT Morgan, New York. 
Samuel P. Avery, Hartford. 
Theodore S. Woolsey, New Haven. 

And the public libraries of 

Arlington Groton Meriden 

Boston Indianapolis Newark 

Concord Lexington North Andover 

Taunton Watertown 

A partial list of the church silver collected or photo- 
graphed by the various societies is printed in the minutes of 
the Council of 19 12, but is too long to be repeated here in 
detail. 

The Massachusetts Society reported, as sent to the 
Boston Museum: "the silver from two churches in Maine, 
five in New Hampshire, two in Rhode Island, twenty in 
Connecticut, and ninety in Massachusetts — 1 19 in all. More 
churches in Rhode Island would probably have loaned their 
silver to the Museum in Boston, but the matter was dropped 
that the Colonial Dames of Rhode Island might have the 
silver sent to the Rhode Island School of Design, and their 
report gives the number there collected." 

85 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

The first collection of silver to be opened to the public 
was at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, where more than 
1,000 pieces were beautifully displayed in the Rotunda. 
It comprised many pieces of surpassing interest, not only 
in the history of the silversmith's craft, but also in the 
annals of New England. Many of the cups and other 
vessels of silver may be justly regarded as national monu- 
ments, having been wrought in New England by the skilled 
band of silversmiths in the second half of the seventeenth 
and throughout the eighteenth century — from the earliest 
artificers in Boston; Coney, Robert Sanderson and John 
Hull, to Paul Revere, the patriot-silversmith, and later 
craftsmen. Furthermore, many pieces bear the names, as 
donors, of men famous in American history, governors and 
soldiers, Puritan leaders and prosperous merchants, leading 
citizens and eminent divines. In addition to the remarkable 
array of silver wrought at different places in America, there 
were many valuable and historical examples of old English 
and Dutch, French and German silver, all of which will be 
illustrated. Several of these belonged to and were the 
donations of the early Puritans, Governor John Winthrop, 
Rev. John Cotton, and others. Among the donors of old 
English silver were William and Mary, Queen Anne, George 
II and George 111. 

The collection at the Metropolitan Museum though not 
large was notable. It displayed the masters in early Eng- 
lish, Old Dutch, French, German, and Swedish silver. The 
early English were shown by royal gifts from William and 
Mary, Caroline, Anne, and the Georges, lent so generously 
by the corporation of Trinity Church, New York, St. 
George's, Hempstead, Grace Church, Jamaica, and others. 

There was a fine collection of Dutch silver lent by the 

86 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Reformed Churches in the Middle States. Among the 
beakers elaborate in details were those from Albany (1660), 
Kingston (1680), Sleepy Hollow (1698), and Flatbush (1690). 
There was also the baptismal basin, with its quaint in- 
scription, lent by the South Reformed Church of New 
York. 

The early American silversmiths were represented by 
the work of the craftsmen of the Middle States only, New 
York confining itself to the makers of its own State. 

New Jersey, Delaware, and Virginia sent many of their 
most valued and historic pieces. 

From St. Peter's church, Perth Amboy, New Jersey, 
came the beautiful chalice with paten-cover of 16 12, the 
oldest known piece of Church silver in the country, and the 
small set, with an etched crucifixion, used for ministering to 
the sick, of date of 1 722 ; from St. Mary's Church, Burlington, 
the beaker with cover surmounted with crown (1700); from 
the Amwell Presbyterian Church at Reaville, two chalices 
(1667) ; from Holy Trinity, Wilmington, Delaware, the silver 
known as the Swedes' set (1718); from Christ Church, 
Dover, a chalice with paten-cover (1766); from St. Peter's 
Church, Lewistown, three pieces of rare beauty (1773); 
from Bruton Parish, Williamsburg, Virginia, the chalice 
with paten-cover used at James City (1661); also the beauti- 
ful cup with two handles (1686). 

Some most excellent specimens were sent by private 
owners; bowls, tankards and double cups, dating from 1680 
to 1800. 

The exhibit at the Metropolitan Museum afforded a com- 
parison of workmanship and design with that of the Boston 
Museum, the church silver shown in New York keeping 
strictly to the early ecclesiastical forms of chalice and 

87 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

beaker, whereas in New England two-handled caudle cups, 
mugs, and cans were in common use. 

At the National Museum in Washington, old silver was 
exhibited from sixteen churches in Virginia, three in Mary- 
land, and one in Georgia. The pieces were all of Colonial 
origin, and many of the churches from which they came 
were those with whose names and history we are already 
familiar in describing the restorative and commemorative 
work of the Corporate Societies. The oldest piece of 
church silver was from Virginia, from St. John's Church, 
Hampton, dating from the year 1618. 

The collection which the Rhode Island Society sent to 
the Rhode Island School of Design numbered one hundred 
and three pieces, collected from fifteen churches and four 
individuals. All the specimens bore dates previous to 1850, 
the oldest being 1655. The Rhode Island Society printed 
a catalogue of the silver exhibited. 

In Pennsylvania the Committee reported that the oldest 
services were found to be of pewter. In the eastern 
counties the oldest churches often possessed two sets, one 
of each metal, and frequently both were in use. "Several 
of the most important churches from an historical point, 
are to-day using their ancient pewter vessels with love and 
pride. This is true of old St. David's at Radnor, the scene 
of Longfellow's beautiful tribute; St. John's, Concord, Dela- 
ware County; Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church, at 
Lancaster, and others less well known." 

About twenty churches, and a hundred and ten pieces, 
were located and described. 

"The set at Ephrata is, perhaps, as interesting as any 
that will appear in the catalogue. It is of apple wood. 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

owned by the Seventh Day Baptists of that place, and was 
presented to the Brotherhood by General Washington, for 
their kindness to his wounded soldiers after the battle of 
the Brandywine, September ii, 1777. It is lovingly 
cherished, and the Brethren will on no account loan it to 
any one." 

The list of churches in Maryland possessing Colonial 
silver is quite long. The report in the minutes men- 
tions collections from twenty-seven churches, with dates 
ranging from 1695 to 1773; all most interesting and some 
of it donated by William III and Queen Anne. 

Of the silver collected by the New Jersey Society Mr. 
Jones said: 'Some of New Jersey's silver is epoch-making.' 

"The beautiful pieces sent by Queen Anne to St. Mary's, 
Burlington, in 1708, and to Christ Church, Shrewsbury, the 
same year, are very interesting. St. Mary's Church also 
possesses an exquisite chalice presented by Lady Catherine 
Bovey, 'the perverse widow' in Sir Roger de Coverley. St. 
Peter's Church, Perth Amboy, sent to the exhibition the 
celebrated 'sick set' dated 1721, of small dimensions, beauti- 
fully engraved, and the chalice with paten-cover just 300 
years old. 

"The Reformed Church, Bergen, Jersey City, contrib- 
uted two beakers, 1731, and the Reformed Church at 
Readington, two marked 181 3. Two chalices dated 1667 
and of 'heavy handbeaten silver' were sent by Amwell First 
Presbyterian. Trinity Church, Newark, sent five pieces 
dated 1806, while the First Presbyterian Church, Newark, 
sent a baptismal bowl over 250 years old, having been 
brought from England by one of the founders of Newark, 
Jasper Crane. 

"The First Presbyterian Church, Trenton, sent an old 

89 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

flagon, exact date unknown, as did the Presbyterian churches 
of Rahway and Connecticut Farms. St. John's Church, 
Salem, sent a fine old baptismal bowl, and Trinity Church, 
at Swedesboro, a rare chalice and paten-cover sent by 
Queen Anne and taken by her from some old English church 
she had abolished." 

The list from Delaware includes silver from three 
churches which was exhibited at the Metropolitan Museum 
and given the prominence of a full-page illustration in 
the catalogue; and pieces from six other churches which 
could not be included in the exhibit. 

The North Carolina Society reports in detail the silver 
from six Colonial churches, the earliest date being 1725, 
inscribed on a chalice and alms-basin. One service was 
presented by George II and bears the inscription and the 
royal arms on each piece. The report gives the history of 
each service and is full of historical interest. 

South Carolina photographed the silver in thirteen 
Colonial churches with whose names we are familiar; the 
report gives no dates nor historical data. 

From the report of the Connecticut Society — whose 
collection was included in the exhibit at the Boston Museum 
— we quote the following: 

"One of the most interesting pieces of silver reported to 
our Committee is a porringer, made by John Corey of Boston. 
It was the property of the Rev. Samuel Hooker, son of 
Thomas Hooker — the first minister in Farmington. He 
married Mary Willett, daughter of Thomas Willett, first 
mayor of New York City. The porringer is marked 

(It was made in 1670 and came through various 
j_j I generations of the family of Elisha Colt of Hart- 
ford. It was taken to California by the daughter 
90 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

of Mr. Colt, and at her death, about a year ago, it was 
returned to descendants in Connecticut." 

The Georgia Society exhibited, or photographed, the 
silver from three Colonial churches which represent the three 
most important settlements in the colony: "The English 
under Oglethorpe, represented by Christ Church, in Sav- 
annah; the Salzburgers at Ebenezer, represented by the 
'Old Jerusalem Church'; and the Puritans in Liberty 
County, by the 'Midway Church.'" 

The silver collected by the New Hampshire Society is 
also included in the Catalogue of the Boston Museum of 
Fine Arts. It came from Portsmouth, Greenland, and 
Hampton. 

The Society in Kentucky sent twenty-four photographs 
to Mr. Jones, and twenty-five pieces of ecclesiastical silver 
to the exhibit held at the Metropolitan Museum in New 
York; and in this connection, found and catalogued over six 
hundred pieces of interesting silver which it hopes to exhibit 
in Louisville at some future date. 

Of these collections and the work they entailed the Chair- 
man of the National Committee says: 

"To sum up this report, it seems to me to show the 
thoroughness and interest with which the National Society 
of Colonial Dames have done their work, in regard to the 
object in hand. The Society has ceased to be considered as 
consisting of amateurs, but has a professional reputation 
in the different communities in which they live and do their 
work." 



91 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

B. PATRIOTIC 

(5) THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR, RELIEF WORK, MONUMENT 

AND BOOK 

This concludes, though all too briefly, the work of the 
National and of the Corporate Societies, along historical, 
commemorative and educational lines; but in what is more 
commonly called patriotism — that ardor of self-sacrifice 
which rises to the sound of bugle and the beat of drum — the 
National Society has a worthy record during the Spanish- 
American War. 

The Council of 1898 was in session when the first gun 
was fired, and before the close of the meeting, it had voted 
five hundred dollars to equip, with delicacies, the first 
hospital ship — the "Solace"; and, on motion of the 
societies in Rhode Island and New York, had formed a 
National Relief Association, which placed itself under the 
orders of the Surgeons-General of the Army and Navy, and 
which did notable work during the war. 

More than ^18,000 was contributed for this purpose by 
the Corporate Societies. Each one gave liberally; some 
gave lavishly according to their numbers, notably the Society 
in Wisconsin, which, with a membership of less than one 
hundred, donated ^1,255 to this work. The largest contri- 
bution made through the National Society was from New 
York, which is one of the largest societies, and which con- 
tributed ^6,541.45. These sums were sent to the Treasurer 
of the National Society and by her distributed — to the 
Surgeons-General of the Army and Navy, for hospital sup- 
plies; for X-ray apparatus; for supplies to several hospital 
ships; to Fort Myer; to the Secretary of War and to various 
surgeons; to sufferers in the Philippines, Cuba, and Porto 

92 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Rico, and to the societies who did hospital work in their 
own States; Maine, New York, New Hampshire, Arkansas, 
Maryland, Missouri, Illinois, Wisconsin, Indiana, Georgia, 
Massachusetts, Ohio, Delaware, South Carolina, Con- 
necticut, District of Columbia, Virginia, Pennsylvania, 
California, Colorado, New Jersey — the list of benefactions 
covers seven pages of the Treasurer's Report. 

But in addition to this, the societies in certain States, 
where the need was greatest, raised additional sums, to the 
amount of more than $28,000, the entire sum expended in 
relief work by the National and these Corporate societies, 
aggregating $46,598.74. 

Nor was this all. Hundreds of boxes were sent, of which 
no account was kept, and upon which no value was placed 
by the donors, and the members of many of these societies 
gave their personal services as well. The Pennsylvania 
Society, besides sending $2,000 to the National Society 
fund, raised a large sum for emergency work, and a com- 
mittee remained in Philadelphia during the Summer to 
collect supplies, pack boxes, and ship luxuries to hospitals 
— one Dame herself caring for forty convalescent soldiers. 

The Dames in Rhode Island raised the large sum of 
$21,490 and sent eighteen thousand garments and thirteen 
boat-loads of supplies to the soldiers at Montauk Point. The 
Society took three hundred and fifty-eight patients from 
Montauk Point and placed them in hospitals in Rhode 
Island. The President of the Society herself cared for 
seventy patients. 

The President of the Georgia Society established a 
convalescent ward at Miami, Florida, and cared for from 
forty to ninety patients daily, giving it her personal super- 
vision, assisted by a member of her family. 

93 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

The New Hampshire Society, through its President, 
fitted out a hospital at Chickamauga, where the troops 
from that State were received and cared for. Another 
officer of this Society raised about ^2,000 by a fete given at 
her house, with which she fitted up a yacht and went, 
with members of her family, to Montauk Point to do 
hospital work. Vessels with troops from Santiago, and 
Marines on Seavy's Island, Portsmouth Harbor, were 
supplied with ice, milk, fruit, and other luxuries by the 
members of this Society. 

The Alabama Society, under the leadership of one of its 
officers, collected food and clothing for soldiers who came to 
the recruiting stations in the State, and sent delicacies to 
the sick to the amount of several thousand dollars. They 
sent hospital supplies to Miami, and organized relief asso- 
ciations in Selma and Tuscaloosa, where trains with soldiers 
were met with ice, food, and fresh milk. 

The Dames in the District of Columbia accomplished 
much relief work near the city of Washington, and provided 
for many of the widows and orphans of the soldiers who fell. 

A similar service was performed by the societies in 
several of the Gulf States. The Dames in Louisiana, Colo- 
rado, and California, in cooperation with local organiza- 
tions, did much to aid and comfort the soldiers; and the 
societies in Michigan, California, Alabama, and other 
States continued this service by sending boxes of books and 
magazines to the soldiers in the Philippines. The Michigan 
Society sent forty-four large boxes and received a report 
from the officers in the Philippines, stating the benefit these 
contributions had been to the soldiers' welfare. 

North Carolina sent many boxes to the soldiers encamped 
near Raleigh and contributed to the monument to Ensign 

94 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

Worth Bagley of North Carolina, who fell on the deck of 
the Winslow — the first to lose his life in this war. 

This work was duly reported to the Council of 1900, 
when it was decided to complete the service by a suitable 
memorial to the soldiers who fell during the war; the me- 
morial to be unveiled at the next Biennial Council in 1902; 
and under the leadership of the President of the Michigan 
Society, most ably assisted by all the Corporate Societies, 
the plan was successfully carried out. The memorial is a 
column of granite supporting, on its Corinthian capital, a 
globe surmounted by an eagle with outspread wings. The 
globe is banded with thirteen stars, for the thirteen colonies, 
while around the base of the monument is a band of forty- 
eight stars — one for each State in the Union. The inscrip- 
tion was written by Richard Watson Gilder of the Century 
Magazine, at the request of the National President, and 
reads: 

TO THE SOLDIERS AND SAILORS 

OF THE UNITED STATES 

WHO GAVE THEIR LIVES FOR THEIR COUNTRY 

IN THE WAR OF 1 898-99 WITH SPAIN 

THIS MONUMENT IS DEDICATED 

IN SORROW GRATITUDE AND PRIDE 

BY 

THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

OF THE COLONIAL DAMES 

OF AMERICA 

IN THE NAME OF ALL 

THE WOMEN OF THE NATION 

1902 

It is the first monument ever erected in the National 
Cemetery at Arlington by a society of women, and stands 

95 



THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

on a commanding site in the section devoted to the dead of 
the Spanish-American War, overlooking the Potomac River 
and the city of Washington ; and it was unveiled on May 21, 
1902, with moving and impressive ceremonies, the survivors 
of the war attending in a body to hear an address by President 
Roosevelt. 

The cost of the monument was ^6000; the expenses of 
the unveiling ceremonies, about a thousand dollars more. 

Two years later, at the Council of 1904, the memorial 
work was carried still further, by a sub-committee, under 
the leadership of an officer of the Maryland Society, which 
placed in a marble, fireproof case, in the Lee Mansion, at 
Arlington, a manuscript volume on whose pages is engrossed 
the name of every soldier and sailor who was killed, or died 
of wounds, as a result of the Spanish-American War. The 
lists from the Regular Army and Navy were secured through 
the kindness of the Adjutant-General of the Army and 
the Surgeon-General of the Navy; the names of volunteers 
were obtained by the Presidents of the Societies in the vari- 
ous States. The volume is bound in dark green Levant 
Morocco, and the inscription by the Government reads: 

"This book contains the names of the Soldiers and Sailors 
of the United States who died during the war with Spain in 
1898, irrespective of their place of burial. It is not a public 
record, but is presented, as a memorial, by the National 
Society of the Colonial Dames of America." 

As a branch of the National Relief Association, the 
Massachusetts Society opened a relief station after the 
Chelsea fire, and supplied clothing to men, women and 
children. Over a thousand dollars were given by the mem- 

96 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

bers, and much suffering alleviated — the careful discrimina- 
tion with which this relief was afforded rendered it peculiarly 
efficacious in reaching cases which are sometimes overlooked, 
or neglected, in times of great disaster. 

The National Society has contributed ^25,000 to the 
George Washington Memorial in the city of Washington, 
and at this writing is raising a fund for the Women's Me- 
morial to the men who voluntarily went down with the 
Titanic that the women and children might be saved. 

Thus concludes the accomplished work of the National 
Society. It is now looking toward the three-hundredth 
anniversary of the landing at Plymouth, which it will observe 
by some suitable memorial. A committee has been appointed, 
but the form which the memorial is to take has not been 
decided. It is hardly necessary to say that the Corporate 
Societies are all profoundly interested, as they were in the 
memorial at Jamestown. 

The work chronicled in these pages did not "get itself 
done" without human instrumentality. No personal men- 
tion has been made, in this account, of the women whose 
ability and faithfulness have made the record what it is. 
Their names are many and well known, but their work was 
done for the Society and not for personal aggrandizement, 
and the Society owes its wonderful success in the past, and 
the dignified and distinguished position it holds in the pres- 
ent, to the fact that, from the first, it has had able and wise 
leadership, faithful and most efficient service, and a member- 
ship whose esprit de corp and single-minded zeal in carrying 
forward the work of the Society, has brought each succes- 
sive enterprise to a most triumphant conclusion. 

A list of the officers of the National Society and of some 

97 



THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA 

of the National committees is found in the Appendix, but 
this list does not, by any means, include all who have been 
active and eificient in the work which has been accomplished. 

Mrs. Joseph Rucker Lamar, 
Mrs. Barrett Wendell, 
Miss Anne Hollingsworth Wharton, 
Mrs. Henry F. Le Hunte Lyster, 
Mrs. Overton Lea, 
Mrs. Charles Eliot Furness, 
Miss Clare de Graffenried, 
Committee. 

The material for this account is drawn from the published Minutes and Histo- 
rian's Reports of the Biennial Councils. They are read before the Councils and 
afterward printed, and it is assumed that they are correct. Any inaccuracies 
which this Committee could ascertain were, of course, corrected; but in a report 
of work accomplished in thirty-eight societies, in as many different States, it was, 
of course, not practicable to verify each detail. No doubt there are other inter- 
esting achievements which have been omitted from this account, — for the rea- 
son just given, — that it is confined to what is found in the printed records of the 
Society. 



98 



APPENDIX 



OFFICERS OF 
THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

PRESIDENTS 

Mrs. G. Dawson Coleman, Pennsylvania. 1892-1894 
Mrs. Howard Townsend, New York. 1894-1902 
Mrs. William Ruffin Cox (Mrs. Herbert A. Claiborne), 
Virginia, 1902 

honorary president 
Mrs. Howard Townsend, 1902-1912 

vice-presidents 

Mrs. Beverly Kennon, District of Columbia. 1892-1896 
Mrs. Henry G. Banning, Delaware. 1892-1896 
Mrs. Elizabeth Duane Gillespie, Pennsylvania. 

1 896- 1 900 
Mrs. William Washington Gordon, Georgia. 1896-1900 
Mrs. Herbert A. Claiborne, Virginia. 1900-1902 
Mrs. Samuel Colt, Connecticut. 1900-1905 
Mrs. Henry F. Le Hunte Lyster, Michigan. 1902-1910 
Mrs. William Reed, Maryland. 1902-1904 
Mrs. George S. Hale, Massachusetts. 1904-1904 
Mrs. Barrett Wendell, Massachusetts. 1904-1910 
Mrs. Alexander F. Jamieson, New Jersey. 1906-1912 
Mrs. Elizabeth Cass Ledyard Goddard, Colorado. 1910 
Mrs. Joseph Rucker Lamar, Georgia. 1910 
Mrs. Elihu Chauncey, New York. 1912 

101 



APPENDIX 

OFFICERS— Continued 

HONORARY VICE-PRESIDENTS 

Mrs. Beverly Kennon, District of Columbia. 1896-1911 
Mrs. Henry G. Banning, Delaware. 1896-1897 

treasurers 

Miss Elizabeth Byrd Nicholas, District of Columbia. 

1 892- 1 90 1 
Mrs. Alexander J. Cassatt, Pennsylvania. 1901 

secretaries 

Miss Mary Dickinson, New Jersey. 1892-1894 

Mrs. William Reed, Maryland. 1894-1902 

Mrs. Joseph Rucker Lamar, Georgia. 1902-1910 

Mrs. Charles R. Miller, Delaware. 1910 

ASSISTANT SECRETARIES 

Mrs. Cleaveland Hilson, New Jersey. 1892-1894 
Mrs. J. J. Jackson, Maryland. 1894-1902 
Mrs. Rosa Wright Smith, District of Columbia. 1902-1907 
Mrs. John Y. Taylor, District of Columbia. 1907 

registrars 

Mrs. Frederick A. Packard, Pennsylvania. 1892-1896 
Mrs. Emil Richter, New Hampshire. 1896-1906 
Mrs. Nathaniel Terry Bacon, Rhode Island. 1906-1912 
Mrs. Franklin Dexter, Connecticut. 1912 

HISTORIANS 

Miss Anne Hollingsworth Wharton, Pennsylvania. 

1898-1908. 
Miss Alice French, Iowa. 1900-1912 
Mrs. Albert L. Sioussat, Maryland. 1912 

102 



SOCIETIES 

COMPOSING THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF 

THE COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA, 

IN THE ORDER OF THEIR ADMISSION TO 
THE NATIONAL COUNCIL 

The Pennsylvania Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 

INCORPORATED JUNE I3, 189I 

The Maryland Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 

INCORPORATED DECEMBER 29, 189I 

The New Jersey Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 

INCORPORATED APRIL 7, 1892 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
IN The State of Delaware 

INCORPORATED MAY 10, 1892 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
IN The District of Columbia 

INCORPORATED MAY 20, 1892 

The Society of Colonial Dames of America 
in The State of Virginia 

INCORPORATED OCTOBER I9, 1 892 
103 



appendix 
The National Society of Colonial Dames 

IN THE 

State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations 

INSTITUTED ANNO DOMINI 1892 

The Massachusetts Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 

INCORPORATED APRIL 1 3, 1893 

The Colonial Dames of The State of New York 

INCORPORATED APRIL 29, 1893 

The South Carolina Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 

INCORPORATED NOVEMBER 16, 1893 

The Connecticut Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 

INCORPORATED DECEMBER 18, 1893 

The Georgia Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 

INCORPORATED JANUARY 24, 1894 

The Colonial Dames of America 

IN The State of New Hampshire 

INCORPORATED MARCH 8, 1 894 

The North Carolina Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 

INCORPORATED MARCH 24, 1894 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
Resident in The State of California 

INCORPORATED JULY 9, 1896 
104 



societies composing the national society 
The Colonial Dames of America 

Resident in The State of Illinois 

INCORPORATED JUNE 30, 1896 

The National Society of 

Colonial Dames of America in Michigan 

INCORPORATED OCTOBER 1 7, 1897 

The Colonial Dames of America 

IN The State of Minnesota 

INCORPORATED OCTOBER 8, 1896 

The Colonial Dames of America 

IN The State of Iowa 

INCORPORATED JULY I, 1896 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
IN The State of Ohio 

INCORPORATED JULY I, 1896 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
in The State of Colorado 

INCORPORATED JULY 2, 1896 

The Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
Resident in The State of Maine 

INCORPORATED JUNE 24, 1896 

The Colonial Dames of America 

in The State of Missouri 

INCORPORATED DECEMBER II, 1896 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
IN The State of Wisconsin 

INCORPORATED JULY 6, 1 896 
105 



appendix 

The Colonial Dames of America 

IN The State of Louisiana 

INCORPORATED NOVEMBER 1 7, 1896 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
Resident in The State of Tennessee 

INCORPORATED JULY 7, 1896 

The Colonial Dames of America 

in the State of Kentucky 

INCORPORATED MARCH 18, 1897 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
IN The State of Indiana 

INCORPORATED JULY 7, 1896 

The Society of The Colonial Dames of America 
IN The State of Alabama 

INCORPORATED FEBRUARY 1 3, 1899 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
in The State of Texas 

INCORPORATED FEBRUARY 26, 1898 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America in Arkansas 

INCORPORATED FEBRUARY 26, 1898 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America in Florida 

INCORPORATED JANUARY 3 I, 1899 
106 



societies composing the national society 
The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
IN The State of Vermont 

INCORPORATED OCTOBER 25, 1898 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
Resident in The State of West Virginia 

INCORPORATED APRIL 2 1, 190O 

The Colonial Dames of America 

IN The State of Mississippi 

INCORPORATED APRIL 6, I9OO 

The Colonial Dames of America 

in The State of Kansas 

INCORPORATED NOVEMBER 10, I9O5 

The National Society of 

Colonial Dames of America 
Resident in Nebraska 

INCORPORATED JUNE 1 5, I908 

The National Society of 

The Colonial Dames of America 
Resident in The State of Washington 

INCORPORATED APRIL J, I9IO 



107 



COMMITTEES OF 
THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

The following are among the committees of the National 
Society which carried on the work reported in this pamphlet. 

on a national insignia (1892) 

Mrs. G. Dawson Coleman] 

Mrs. Thomas McLean >Pennsylvania. 

Mrs. Theodore Etting J 

ON THE NATIONAL SEAL: (1892) 

Mrs. Bridgham, Rhode Island. 

Mrs. Jamieson, New Jersey. 

Miss Milner, Maryland. 

Miss Wharton, Pennsylvania. 

Miss Cropper, District of Columbia. 

Mrs. Spruance, Delaware. 

Mrs. Robinson, Virginia. 

ON THE NATIONAL CERTIFICATE (1892) 

Miss Center, Rhode Island. 
Mrs. Mifflin, Pennsylvania. 
Miss Milner, Maryland. 
Mrs. Lyons, Virginia. 
Mrs. Jamieson, New Jersey. 
Miss Rodney, Delaware. 
108 



COMMITTEES OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

Miss Cropper, District of Columbia. 

Mrs. Reed, Maryland. (1894) 

Miss Rivers, Massachusetts. (1894) 

Miss Turnbull, New York. (1894) 

Mrs. Pringle, South Carolina. (1894) 

Mrs. Dunscombe, Connecticut. (1894) 

Mrs. Gordon, Georgia. (1894) 

Mrs. Fogg, New Hampshire. (1894) 

Mrs. Kidder, North Carolina. (1894) 

on amendments to the constitution (1894) 

Mrs. Beekman, New York. 
Mrs. Harrison, Pennsylvania. 
Mrs. Barbour, New Jersey. 
Mrs. Janin, District of Columbia. 
Mrs. Lyons, Virginia. 
Mrs. Hale, Massachusetts. 
Mrs. Gordon, Georgia. 
Mrs. Colt, Connecticut. 

ALTERNATES ON THIS COMMITTEE 

Mrs. Robinson, Virginia. 

The Countess Esterhazy, District of Columbia. 

Mrs. Carpenter, Pennsylvania. 

ON AN order of BUSINESS FOR THE NATIONAL 
SOCIETY (1894) 

Mrs. Mumford, Pennsylvania. 
Mrs. Hale, Massachusetts. 
Miss Pendleton, District of Columbia. 
109 



APPENDIX 

ON ORGANIZATION OF A NATIONAL RELIEF 

ASSOCIATION (1898) 

Resolution by Mrs. Mason, Rhode Island, and Mrs. Chauncey, 
New York. 

PRELIMINARY COMMITTEE: 

Mrs. Bridgham, Rhode Island. 
Mrs. Wilder, Georgia. 
Mrs. Robison, New York. 
Mrs. Colt, Connecticut. 
Mrs. Hale, Massachusetts. 
Mrs. Harrison, Pennsylvania. 
Miss Tilghman, Maryland. 
Mrs. Shields, Missouri. 
Mrs. Ravenel, South Carolina. 

COMMITTEE TO WAIT ON THE PRESIDENT IN BEHALF OF 
relief ASSOCIATION (1898) 

Mrs. Mason, Rhode Island. 

Mrs. Chauncey, New York. 

The Countess Esterhazy, District of Columbia. 

Mrs. Claiborne, Virginia. 

Mrs. Ravenel, South Carolina. 

Mrs. Harrison, Pennsylvania. 

Mrs. Groesbeck, Ohio. 
The Relief Association, as finally organized, had branches 
in each Corporate Society, and its officers were the officers 
of the National Society. 

ON RELICS LOANED THE NATIONAL MUSEUM BY THE 
national SOCIETY 

Miss Nicholas, District of Columbia. (Chairman, 1900- 
1901) 

1 10 



COMMITTEES OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

Mrs. Reed, Maryland. (Chairman, 1901-1902) 

Miss Wharton, Pennsylvania. (1900) 

Miss Miller, District of Columbia. (Chairman, 1902- 

1906) 
Mrs. Cropper, District of Columbia. (1904) 
Mrs. Benjamin, Massachusetts. (Chairman, 1906 — ) 
Mrs. Taylor, District of Columbia. (1906) 
Mrs. Hoes, District of Columbia. (1906) 
Miss de Graffenried, Georgia. (1908) 
Mrs. Tucker, Virginia. (1910) 
Mrs. Reed, Maryland. (1910) 
Mrs. Hill, South Carolina. (1912) 
Miss Williams, Maryland. (1Q12) 
Mrs. Smith, Alabama. (1912) 
Mrs. Gray, Missouri. (1912) 

ON TABLET TO HEROES OF SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR 

( I 900) 

PRELIMINARY COMMITTEE ON SPANISH WAR MEMORIAL 

Mrs. Lyster, Michigan. 

Mrs. Batre, Alabama. 

Mrs. Dalton, Massachusetts. 

Mrs. Claiborne, Virginia. 

Mrs. Clarke, New Hampshire. 

COMMITTEE TO ACT ON SPANISH WAR MEMORIAL (19OO-I902) 

Mrs. Lyster, Michigan, Chairman. 

The President of the National Society appointed a com- 
mittee consisting of one or more members from each Corpor- 
ate Society, and from this a smaller Executive Committee 
was appointed. 

Ill 



APPENDIX 
ON ESTIMATES AND DESIGNS (SPANISH WAR MEMORIAL) 

(19OI) 

Mrs. Clarke, New Hampshire. 
Mrs. Dalton, Massachusetts. 
Mrs. Chauncey, New York. 
Mrs. Mason, Rhode Island. 
Mrs. Ver Planck, New York. 



on DEDICATION CEREMONIES (SPANISH WAR MEMORIAL) 

(1902) 

Mrs. Harrison, Pennsylvania, Chairman 

ON HISTORIC RESEARCH (19OO) 

Mrs. Sioussat, Maryland. (Chairman, 1900-1912) 
Mrs. Claiborne, Virginia. (1900 -1906) 
Mrs. Lamar, Georgia. (1900- 1906) 
Miss Wharton, Pennsylvania. (1900- 19 10) 
Mrs. Bacon, Rhode Island. (1900-1906) 
Mrs. Groesbeck, Ohio. (1902- 1904) 
Mrs. Wright, California. (1902- 1904) 
Mrs. Robbins, Illinois. (1902-1906) 
Mrs. Houghton, Maine. (1902-1906) 
Mrs. Young, Minnesota. (1902-1906) 
Mrs. Casper, Colorado. (1902- 1906) 
Mrs. Winchester, Indiana. (1902-1910) 
Mrs. Meares, North Carolina. (1902-1904) 
Mrs. Van Rensselaer, West Virginia. (1904 — ) 
Mrs. Sprunt, North Carolina. (1904-1910) 
Mrs. Taylor, District of Columbia. (1904-1906) 

1 12 



COMMITTEES OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

Mrs. Young, Georgia. (1904 — ) 

Mrs. Batre, Alabama. (1904- 1906) 

Mrs. Rhodes, Mississippi. (1904- 1906) 

Mrs. Dickinson, Arkansas. (1906-1908) 

Mrs. Clarke, New Hampshire. (1906 — ) 

Mrs. Robison, New York. (1908-1910) 

Mrs. Dyer, Vermont. (1908-1910) 

Mrs. Holcombe, Connecticut. (1910-1912) 

Mrs. Adams, Kentucky. (1910-1912) 

Mrs. Laird, Vermont. (1910-1912) 

Mrs. Kimball, Kansas. (1910-1912) 

Miss Ravenel, South Carolina. (1910-1912) 

Mrs. Houghton, Maine. (1910 — ) 

Miss Hinton, North Carolina. (Chairman, 1912 — ) 

Mrs. Sioussat, Maryland. (1900 — ) 

Mrs. Johnson, Arkansas. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. Shields, Missouri. (1912 — ) 

Miss Crocker, Massachusetts. (1912 — ) 

Miss MacIlvaine, New Jersey. (1912 — ) 

on a reciprocity bureau (1902) 

Mrs. Miller, Delaware. (Chairman, 1902-1910) 

Mrs. Black, Georgia. (1902- 1906) 

Mrs. Groesbeck, Ohio. (1902-1906) 

Mrs. Clarke, New Hampshire. (1906-1908) 

Mrs. Lee, Texas. (1906- 1908) 

Miss French, Iowa. (1906- 1908) 

Mrs. Noyes, Minnesota. (1906-1908) 

Mrs. Bruns, Louisiana. (1908-1910) 

Mrs. Christian, Minnesota. (1908- 19 10) 

Mrs. Fyfe, Michigan. (1908-1910) 

113 



APPENDIX 

Mrs. Cheves, South Carolina. (1908-1910) 

Mrs. Wilmer, District of Columbia. (Chairman, 1910 — ) 

Mrs. Wilder, Georgia. (1910-1912) 

Mrs. Kimball, Kansas. (1910-1912) 

Mrs. Batre, Alabama. (1910-1912) 

Mrs. Waring, South Carolina. (1910-1912) 

Mrs. Houghton, Maine. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. Smith, Nebraska. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. McConnell, Louisiana. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. Clarke, New Hampshire. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. Young, Florida. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. Buckner, Kentucky. (1912 — ) 

on the preservation of ancient paintings and 
other relics (1902) 

Mrs. Hill, South Carolina. (Chairman, 1902-1908) 
Mrs. Elliot, Missouri. (1902-1904) 
Mrs. Lea, Tennessee. (1902-1904) 
Mrs. Chauncey, New York. (1902-1906) 
Miss Miller, District of Columbia. (1902-1904) 
Mrs. Benjamin, Massachusetts. (1904-1906) 
Mrs. Blake, Louisiana. (1904-1906) 
Mrs. Wilcox, Rhode Island. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Bruce, Kentucky. (1904- 1906) 
Mrs. Stitt, Arkansas. (1904- 1906) 
Mrs. Wallace, Tennessee. (1904-1906) 
Mrs. Fernald, Florida. (1904-1906) 
Mrs. Adams, Kentucky. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Wright, California. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Henry, Virginia. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Mitchell, Wisconsin. (1906-1908) 

114 



COMMITTEES OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

ON THE PRESERVATION OF HISTORIC LANDMARKS IN 

WASHINGTON CITY (1902) 

PRELIMINARY COMMITTEE 

Mrs. Cropper, District of Columbia. 

Mrs. Dalton, Massachusetts. 

Mrs. Robins, Virginia. 

Mrs. Rhodes, Mississippi. 

Mrs. Smalley, Vermont. 

committee to act 
Mrs. Chandler, New Hampshire. (Chairman, 1902-1906) 
Miss Wharton, Pennsylvania. (1902- 1906) 
Mrs. Clarke, New Hampshire. (1902-1906) 
Mrs. Groesbeck, Ohio. (1902-1906) 
Mrs. Maffitt, North Carolina. (1902-1906) 
Mrs. Lyster, Michigan. (1902-1906) 
Mrs. Cropper, District of Columbia. (1902-1906) 
Mrs. Black, Georgia. (1902- 1906) 
Mrs. Robins, Virginia. (1902-1906) 
Mrs. Sioussat, Maryland. (1902-1906) 
Mrs. du Pont, Delaware. (1902-1904) 
Mrs. Chew, Pennsylvania. (1902-1906) 

on a memorial at JAMESTOWN (1904) 
PRELIMINARY COMMITTEE 

Mrs. Harrison, Pennsylvania. 

Mrs. Lee, Texas. 

Mrs. Winchester, Indiana. 

COMMITTEE TO ACT (1904) 

Mrs. Wendell, Massachusetts. (Chairman, 1904-1908) 
Mrs. Harrison, Pennsylvania. (1904-1908) 
Mrs. Newberry, Michigan. (1904-1908) 

115 



APPENDIX 

Mrs. Buckner, Kentucky. (1904-1908) 
Mrs. Meares, North Carolina. (1904- 1906) 
Mrs. Welling, Illinois. (1904-1908) 
Mrs. Houghton, Maine. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Peck, Rhode Island. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Chauncey, New York. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Coleman, Virginia. (1904- 1908) 
Miss French, Iowa. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Goddard, Colorado. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Gamble, Florida. (1904-1908) 
Mrs. Groesbeck, Ohio. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Van Rensselaer, West Virginia. (1904-1908) 
Mrs. Reed, Maryland. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Shields, Missouri. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Lyster, Michigan. (1904-1908) 
Mrs. Blake, Louisiana. (1904-1908) 
Mrs. Hanger, Arkansas. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Vance, Wisconsin. (1904-1908) 
Mrs. Lee, Texas. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Lea, Tennessee. (1904- 1908) 
Mrs. Young, South Carolina. (1904-1906) 
Mrs. Cassatt, Pennsylvania. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Sprunt, North Carolina. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Ramsay, Virginia. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Hill, South Carolina. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Batre, Alabama. (1906-1 1908) 
Mrs. Whitney, Connecticut. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Bulkeley, Connecticut. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Miller, Delaware. (1906- 1908) 
Mrs. Kennon, District of Columbia. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Wilder, Georgia. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Hodges, Indiana. (1906- 1908) 

1 16 



COMMITTEES OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

Mrs. Noyes, Minnesota. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Rhodes, Mississippi. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Jamieson, New Jersey. (1906- 1908) 
Mrs. Clarke, New Hampshire. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Bingham, Vermont. (1906-1908) 
Mrs. Kimball, Kansas. (1906-1908) 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ON THE MEMORIAL AT JAMESTOWN 

Mrs. Wendell, Massachusetts. 
Mrs. Chauncey, New York. 
Mrs. Harrison, Pennsylvania. 
Mrs. Lyster, Michigan. 
Miss French, Iowa. 
Mrs. Richard Hale, Massachusetts, 
Secretary of Committee. 

on a record book of the SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR 

(1904) 

Mrs. Lyster, Michigan {ex officio.) 
Mrs. Jackson, Maryland, Chairman. 
Mrs. Smith, District of Columbia. 
Mrs. Cassatt, Pennsylvania. 
Mrs. Holcombe, Connecticut. 
Mrs. Batre, Alabama. 
Mrs. Dalton, Massachusetts. 
Mrs. Winchester, Indiana. 
Mrs. Atterbury, New York. 
Mrs. Shields, Missouri. 
Mrs. Goddard, Colorado. 
Mrs. Buckner, Kentucky. 
Mrs. Montague, Virginia. 
Mrs. Wilson, North Carolina. 
117 



APPENDIX 

ON A COLONIAL EXHIBIT AT THE JAMESTOWN EXPOSI- 
TION (1906) 

Mrs. Hugh Nelson Page, Virginia, Chairman. 
Mrs. Cassatt, Pennsylvania. 
Mrs. Von Kapff, Maryland. 
Mrs. Jamieson, New Jersey. 
Mrs. Miller, Delaware. 
Mrs. Kennon, District of Columbia. 
Mrs. Maupin, Virginia. 
Mrs. Peck, Rhode Island. 
Mrs. Wendell, Massachusetts. 
Mrs. Atterbury, New York. 
Miss Vander Horst, South Carolina. 
Mrs. Whitney, Connecticut. 
Mrs. Wilder, Georgia. 
Mrs. Clarke, New Hampshire. 
Mrs. Sprunt, North Carolina. 
Mrs. Wright, California. 
Miss Lunt, Illinois. 
Mrs. Connor, Michigan. 
Mrs. Noyes, Minnesota. 
Miss French, Iowa. 
Mrs. Warren, Ohio. 
Mrs. Goddard, Colorado. 
Mrs. Houghton, Maine. 
Mrs. Shields, Missouri. 
Mrs. Vance, Wisconsin. 
Mrs. Lea, Tennessee. 
Mrs. Blake, Louisiana. 
Mrs. Buckner, Kentucky. 
Mrs. Judah, Indiana. 
118 



COMMITTEES OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

Mrs. Batre, Alabama. 

Mrs. Lee, Texas. 

Mrs. Johnson, Arkansas. 

Mrs. Christopher, Florida. 

Mrs. Richardson, Vermont. 

Mrs, Van Rensselaer, West Virginia. 

Mrs. Rhodes, Mississippi. 

Mrs. Kimball, Kansas. 

ON colonial dames' day at the JAMESTOWN EX- 
POSITION (1906) 

Mrs. Lea, Tennessee, Chairman. 
Mrs. Holcombe, Connecticut. 
Mrs. Reed, Maryland. 
Mrs. Shields, Missouri. 
Mrs. Newberry, Michigan. 
Mrs. Adams, Kentucky 
Miss Haldane, New York. 
Mrs. Houghton, Maine. 

ON THE PUBLICATION OF THE LETTERS OF PITT, LORD 
CHATHAM. (1904) 

Mrs. Sioussat, Maryland. (Chairman, 1904- 1908) 

Mrs. Coleman, Virginia. (1904-1908) 

Miss Lathrop, New Jersey. (1904- 1908) 

Mrs. Atterbury, New York. (1904- 1908) 

Mrs. Weeden, Rhode Island. (1904-1908) 

Mrs. Wilson, North Carolina. (1904-1906) 

Mrs. Gouverneur, North Carolina. (1906- 1908) 



1 19 



APPENDIX 

ON THE PUBLICATION OF THE LETTERS OF RICHARD 
HENRY LEE AND GOVERNOR SHIRLEY (1908) 

Mrs. Sioussat, Maryland. (Chairman, 1908-1912) 

Miss Lathrop, New Jersey. (1908-1912) 

Mrs. Atterbury, New York. (1908-1912) 

Mrs. Weeden, Rhode Island. (1908-1912) 

Mrs. Smith, Delaware. (1908-1912) 

Mrs. Holcombe, Connecticut. (1908 — ) 

Miss Palm, Texas. (1908-1912) 

Mrs. Lea, Tennessee, (i 908-1912.) 

Mrs. Janin, District of Columbia. (1908-1912) 

Mrs. Dean, Indiana. (1910-1912) 

Mrs. Warren, Ohio. (1910-1912) 

Miss Wharton, Pennsylvania. (1910 — ) 

Mrs. Shields, Missouri. (1910-1912) 

Mrs. Winchester, Indiana. (1910-1912) 

Mrs. Rieman, Maryland. (Chairman, 1912 — ) 

Mrs. Robison, New York. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. Sioussat, Maryland. (1912 — ) 

Miss Bissell, Delaware. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. Kirkland, Tennessee. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. Sprunt, North Carolina. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. Vilas, Wisconsin. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. Groesbeck, Ohio. (1912 — ) 

Mrs. Lee, Texas. (1912 — ) 

ON A design for A FLAG FOR THE NATIONAL SOCIETY (1908) 

Mrs. Jamieson, New Jersey. 
Mrs. Harrison, Pennsylvania. 
Mrs. Christian, Minnesota. 
Mrs. Houghton, Maine. 
Mrs. Goddard, Colorado. 
120 



COMMITTEES OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY 

CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE GEORGE WASHINGTON 
MEMORIAL BUILDING (iQIo) 

Mrs. Robison, New York. (1910 — ) 
Mrs. Harrison, Pennsylvania. (1910 — ) 
Mrs. Holcombe, Connecticut. (1910 — ) 
Mrs. Lamar, Georgia. (19 10 — ) 
Mrs. Lea, Tennessee. (1910 — ) 

ON THE preservation OF CHURCH SILVER (19I0) 

Mrs. Wendell, Massachusetts, Chairman. 

This National Committee consisted of one member from 
each Corporate Society, appointed by its President. 

PLYMOUTH commemoration COMMITTEE (19IO) 

Mrs. Lyster, Michigan, Chairman. (1910 — ) 
Mrs. Lamar, Georgia. (1910 — ) 
Mrs. Bruns, Louisiana. (1910 — ) 
Mrs. Babcock, Rhode Island. (1910 — ) 
Miss Bissell, Delaware. (1910 — ) 
Mrs. Kimball, Kansas. (1910 — ) 
Mrs. Craven, New Jersey. (1910 — ) 
Mrs. Walker, Illinois. (1910 — ) 
Mrs. Holcombe, Connecticut. (19 12 — ) 
Mrs. Benson, Pennsylvania. (1912 — ) 
Mrs. Robins, Virginia. (1912 — ) 
Mrs. Chauncey, New York. (19 12 — ) 
Mrs. Wendell, Massachusetts. (1912 — ) 
Mrs. Anderson, Colorado. (191 2 — ) 
Miss Sawyer, New Hampshire. (1912 — ) 
Miss Williams, Illinois. (1912 — ) 
Miss Atwood, Wisconsin. (1912 — ) 

121 



APPENDIX 

Mrs. Rhodes, Mississippi. (1912 — ) 
Mrs. Adams, Kentucky. (1912 — ) 
Mrs. Bagley, Michigan. (1912 — ) 
Mrs. Price, Washington. (1912 — ) 
Mrs. Brown, California. (1912 — ) 

ON PRESERVATION OF EXISTING RECORDS (1912) 

Mrs. Starr, Pennsylvania. 

Mrs. Beekman, New York. 

Mrs. Johnson, Rhode Island. 

Mrs. Reed, Maryland. 

Miss French, Iowa. 

Mrs. Robins, Virginia. 

Mrs. Holcombe, Connecticut. 

on the booklet for the objects and achievements 
of the national society (1912) 

Mrs. Lamar, Georgia. 
Mrs. Wendell, Massachusetts. 
Miss de Graffenried, Georgia. 
Miss Wharton, Pennsylvania. 
Mrs. Furness, Minnesota. 
Mrs. Lyster, Michigan. 
Mrs. Lea, Tennessee. 

There are other numerous and important committees on 
the routine work of the Councils, such as — Revision, Print- 
ing, Credentials, Auditing, Necrology, Reception, Registers, 
Pedigree Papers, and various Testimonials. The list is too 
long to print in full, and we only include here the committees 
on the special work described in this account. 



122 



INDEX 



INDEX 

PAGE 

Abstract of Wills 44 

Alabama 11,26,27,30,33,36,50,51,94,106 

Alamo 23 

Albany State House 41 

Allegheny 36, 37 

Aid Societies 65 

Alexandria 3' 

American Art Association 57 

Andrews, Dr 7^ 

Annapolis 28 

Anniversaries 49,54,55,56,62 

Anthem, National 68 

Antin, Mary 60 

Antiques 15,16,19,46-49,79-92 

Appalachian Industrial Association 66 

Appendix 99-122 

Ark and Dove 55 

Arkansas 23, 24, 33, 58, 93, 106 

Arlington Book 9^ 

Arlington Monument 95^96 

Ashley River 19 

A. P. V. A 69, 73, 74 

Associate Societies 9, 10, 1 1 

Augusta, Fort 26 

Bacon's Rebellion 7' 

Bagley, Worth 95 

Ballagh, Dr 78 

Baltimore 34' 4^ 

125 



INDEX 

Barracks, Old 21 

Battle 26, 27 

Battleship 69 

Beaux, Cecilia 34 

Belcher, Gov 29 

Belinda 31 

Bennington (Vt.) 47 

Berkeley, Bishop 16 

Bethesda Orphanage 29 

Bienville, Sieur de 27, 30 

Bigelow 82 

Billerica (Mass.) 4$ 

Bloody Marsh, Battle of 26 

Board of Trade, London 41 

Bodleian Library 42 

Bohemian Society 61,62 

Book, Memorial at Arlington 96 

Booklet, History of Society 7,122 

Book Plates 42,46 

Boone, Daniel 36 

Boston 18, 57, 64 

Boston Museum 84, 85, 86, 87 

Braddock, Gen 27,78,79 

Branford 32 

Brent 33, 81 

British Museum 43, 78 

Brooke, de la 43 

Brooke, Robert 35 

Brown, Glen 71 

Brown University 43, 58 

Bruton Church 22 

Bryn Mawr 58 

Buildings, Old 13-16,27-32,37-38,69-76,115 

Bulfmch 18 

Bulloch 81 

Burgesses 42,70 

Burgomaster's Minutes 42 

126 



INDEX 

PAGE 

Burr, Aaron 51,65 

Byrd 14, 20 

Cabell 81 

Cabildo 31 

Cadillac (Mich.) 51 

California '11,24,30,32,33,40,49,51,93,94,104 

Calvert 55, 81 

Cambridge 18,82 

Cannon 19, 20, 26 

Cape Fear River 18,28 

Carlisle House 22 

Carnegie Institute 77 

Carpenters' Hall 15 

Carroll 81 

Castine, Baron • 49 

Catalogues 42,46,48,52,80,85,88 

Certificate, National 108 

Chanco 26 

Character of the Society 7-13 

Charles 11 44, 83 

Charleston (S. C) 39> 77 

Charleston-Kanakha 27 

Charterof Liberties, Great 56 

Chelsea (Mass.) 96 

Chicago 57,61,62,76 

Chickamauga 94 

Chigontualgas 51 

China 47,82 

Churches . . . . 14, 18, 19, 20, 22, 39, 55, 69-73, 76, 82-91 

Cincinnati 3', 54 

Citizenship 61,62,63,64 

City History Clubs 64, 65 

Civic League 64 

Civic Primer 62, 63, 64, 65 

Clermont 52 

Clarence, Duke of 16 

Clark, George Rogers 28 

127 



INDEX 

Clubs 64, 65, 66, 67, 69 

Collections, 15, 16, 17, 19-21,49-69,79-91, no, iii, 114, 118, 119 

Colonial State Societies 9, 10 

Colorado 36,53,64,65,67,93,94,101,105 

Committees . . 11,35-38,42,43,45,68,71,76,79,80,88,91, 

93, 97, 98, 101-122 

Conestoga Creek 36 

Coney 86 

Congress Hall 14, 68 

Congress, Petitions to 37. 69, 76 

Connecticut . . 18, 22, 25-27, 29, 30, 32, 33, 35, 37, 40, 45, 46, 

48, 52-54, 85, 90, 91, 93, 101, 102, 104 

Constitution 9,12,42,59,60,109 

Cooper, Austin House 18 

Corey, John 90 

Corporate Societies 8-11,13-69,76,103-107 

Correspondence .... 40,41,44,45,52,76,78,119,120 

Councils, National 8,9,11,12,68,76,82,92 

Craggie Hope School 67 

Cuba 92 

Custis, Daniel Parke 39 

Custis, Martha 20 

Dandridge, Martha 39 

Daniel, Gov 35 

Danvers, 17 

Declaration of Independence 29, 52, 60 

Delaware . 8,11,12,22,24,25,30,44,45,52,56,87,90,93,101-103 

Delaware, Lord 56 

De Monte Settlement 51 

Denver (Colo.) 36 

De Soto 24 

Detroit 27,64 

Diaries 44, 45, 49, 50, 51, 52 

D'Iberville 28 

District of Columbia . . 8,9,12,22,27,37,43,47,52,79,93, 

94, 101-103 
128 



INDEX 

PAGE 

Dorchester ip 

Dorothy Q '4, i? 

Drake, Sir Francis 24 

Dubuque, Julian 51 

Dummer Academy 17 

Dutch Settlement 25,44 

Ebenezer 20 

Educational 49-69 

Egerton MSS 78 

EUicott, Col. Andrew 51 

Epitaphs 43, 45, 74 

Erie, Lake 27 

Essays 57> 58, 59 

Everett, Dr. William 51 

Exeter 20, 52 

Exhibits 21,46-48,79-91, no, in, n8, ng 

Expositions 47» 48, 80-82 

Filipino 59 

Fishermen 51 

Flags 36, 68, 69, 120 

Forest Reservations 37 

Florida n, 23, 31, 32, 47, 51, 67, 106 

Fort Casimir 25 

Fort Christina 24 

Fort Clendenning 27 

Fort Clinton 65 

Fort Detroit 27 

Fort Johnson 26 

Fort Marion 23 

Fort Myer 92 

Fort Nelson 28 

Fort Pitt 26 

Fort Popham 24 

Forts and Battlegrounds 26, 27 

Fort Sandusky 27 

Fort Saybrook 26 

129 



INDEX 

Fort Snelling 27 

Fort, Tabby (S. C.) 19 

Fort Toulouse 27 

Fox Indians 27 

Frame of Laws (Pa.) 55> 56 

Franklin, Benjamin 55 

Frederica 21 

French Colonial Period 5i> 53 

French, William 45 

Friendly House 66 

Fulton 46, 52, 54 

Fundamental Constitutions 42 

Furman, Letters of Moore 45 

Gardens, Colonial 15, 16, 21 

Georgia . . 11,19,20,21,23,25,26,29,30,31,43,49,50,52,67, 

81,84,88,91,93, loi, 102, 104 

Gibbons, Grinling 15,21 

Gillespie, Elizabeth Duane 58 

Gorges, Ferdinando 51 

Governors 26, 29, 35, 43, 55, 76, 78, 86 

Grave Stones 25, 34, 35, 36, 40, 43, 45, 70 

Guilford 18 

Habersham 81 

Hall, Hubert 77 

Hampton 35» 52 

Hancock-Clarke House 18 

Hancock, John 17 

Harnett, Cornelius 28, 42 

Hartford 18, 29 

Haynes, Gov 29 

Hernicopolis 32 

Historic Buildings . . . 13-23, 26, 27, 30-32, 38, 46, 69-76, 81 

Historian's Report 11 

Historic Research Committee . . . 11,76,77,80,112,113 

Hoar, Senator 40 

Holmes, Oliver Wendell 17. 1 9 

130 



INDEX „^^^ 

PAGE 

Hooker, 29, 90 

Hopkins, Ezek 16 

Hospital Ships 92 

Hospitals 33, 92, 94 

Hudson 31, 46, 49, 54 

Hull 86 

Hungarians 63 

Hunt, Galliard 78 

Hutchinson 29, 33 

Illinois 33, 40, 57, 60-63, 93. 105 

Immigrants, Work Among 59-66 

Independence Hall 68 

Indiana . 38, 50, 51, 54, 59, 65, 67, 93, 106 

Indians 15,25,26,27,44,45,51 

Industrial Schools 66,67 

Inscriptions . . 24, 25, 27, 28, 32, 33, 34, 36, 38, 40, 43, 45, 

74. 75. 77. 95. 96 

Insignia 108 

Interstate and West Indian Exposition 47 

Iowa .... 32,41,45,50,51,54,58,59,66,67,102,105 

Italians 63, 64, 65, 66 

Iron Furnaces 45 

Iron Numbers 37 

Jackson, (Miss.) 36 

Jameson, Dr. Franklin 76, 78 

Jamestown .... 26,29,33,47,69-76,80-82, 115-117, 119 

Jamestown Memorial 29,69-76, 11 5-1 17 

Jeflferson, Thomas 31 

Jerusalem Church 20 

Johns Hopkins University 28, 57, 78 

Johnson 26, 30, 78 

Joliet, Louis 51 

Jones, E. Alfred 82, 84 

Kansas 33, 54, 107 

Kentucky 28, 33, 36, 50, 53, 67, 70, 91, 106 

131 



'NDEX 

Kieft, Governor 15 

Kimball, Miss 77 

King, Gen. Charles 68-69 

King, Rufus 17 

King William's School (Md.) 28 

Laconia 52 

Ladd House (Moffatt) 20 

Lafayette Square 76 

Lake Erie 27 

Lancaster (Pa.) 36 

Landings and Settlements, Early 23-25, 69-76 

Lantern Slides 54. 64 

La Salle 49, 5 • 

Laurens, Col. John 19 

Lectures 56-59, 61-66 

Lee, Richard Henry, Letters of 78,120 

Letters 40, 44, 45, 49, 50, 52, 76, 78, 119, 120 

Levy Court 44 

Lexington (Mass.) 18 

Liberty County (Ga.) 19 

Liberty, Sons of 31 

Libraries 49-56, 57, 63-65, 67, 77, 85 

Loan Exhibits 46-48, 79-82, 82-89 

Lincoln, Charles Henry 78 

Locke, John 42 

Lockwood, Luke Vincent 15 

Logan, James 15 

Little Rock (Ark.) 58 

London Board of Trade 41 

Londonderry 52 

Longfellow House 22 

Lords Proprietors 42 

Louisburg Campaign 78 

Louisiana 11,31,50,51,94,106 

Louisville 28, 53, 91 

Loyalists 42 

132 



INDEX 

PAGE 

McGowan's Pass 65 

McSparran, James 35 

Madison, Dolly 34. 76 

Maine . 10, 22, 23, 24, 35, 36, 38, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 58,67, 

85, 93. 105 

Manors 15, 17, 20, 43, 81 

Margry's French Explorations 41 

Marietta (Ohio) 22, 40 

Marquette, Pere 51 

Marshall, John 22 

Martello Tower 20 

Maryland . 8, 19, 26, 28, 30, 32-35, 43, 45-49, 52, 54, 55, 57, 

69, 79, 81, 83, 88, 89, 93, 96, 101-103 

Mason 16, 21 

Massachusetts . . 10, 17-19, 26, 29, 40, 45-47, 52, 57, 64, 70, 78, 

82, 84, 85, 93, 96, 101, 104 

Massacre 26, 36 

Maury, Mathew F 57 

Mecklenberg Committee 29 

Membership 10, 12 

Memorials . . 15, 30, 35, 57, 58, 69-76, 95, 96, 97, iii, 112, 

I 1 5-1 17, 12! 

Metropolitan Museum 46, 54, 84, 86, 87, 90 

Mexican War 30 

Miami 93 

Michigan . . .26, 27, 33, 49-51, 64, 68, 70, 94, 95, loi, 105 

Medford 17 

Midway, Georgia 19 

Milestones 36 

Milton (Mass.) . • 29 

Minnesota 27, 53, 64, 105 

Minutes of Orphan Master's Court 41 

Missionaries 51 

Mississippi 1 1, 27, 28, 36, 51, 58, 67, 107 

Missouri 33. 58, 63, 93, 105 

Mobile, Alabama 30 

Model Schools 57, 66, 67 

«33 



INDEX 

PAGE 



Moffatt-Ladd House 20-21 

Montauk Point 93 

Monuments and Tablets ... 18, 23-39, 77, 95, 96, n i, 112 

Moody, Samuel 17 

Mound Builders 50 

Mountaineers, Work Among 66-68 

Mount Vernon 61 

Museums . . 15, 19, 20, 43, 46-48, 54, 78, 79, 84-88, 90, 91, 

1 10, III 

Nashville (£ 

Nassau Hall 32 

Natchez 51, 58 

National Councils 8,11-13,68,70,76 

National Museum 79, 84, 88 

National Relief Association 92-95, no 

National Society . 7-13, 68, 69, 70, 73, 76-80, 82, 91-93, 95-97, 

Navigators 24 

Nebraska 50, 107 

New Amsterdam 41 

Newark 24 

New Castle 25, 44 

New Hampshire . . 17, 20, 21, 23, 35, 40, 42, 44-46, 50, 52-54, 

85, 91, 93-94, 102, 104 
New Jersey . . 8, 10, 21, 24, 26, 29, 32, 33, 37, 40, 45, 46, 52, 

54, 67, 69, 83, 87, 89, 93, 101-103 

New Orleans 31 

Newport 16, 43, 58 

New York . . 10, 15, 16, 26, 30, 31, 33, 41, 42, 46, 47, 49, 50, 

52-55, 58, 59, 65, 84-87, 91-93, loi, 104 

Niagara Falls 37 

Nicholas, Sir Francis 28 

Non-Colonial State Societies 9, 10, n 

North Carolina . . 18, 26, 28, 29, 38, 42, 52, 54, 55, 59, 68, 
' 90, 94, 95, 104 

Numbers, Iron 37 

Nurse House, Rebecca 17 

134 



INDEX „.^^ 

PAGE 

Objects of the Society 12, 13, 59, 60 

Officers 101-102 

Oglethorpe 14, 21, 23, 26, 30, 81, 91 

Ohio 22, 27, 30, 33, 40, 48, 54, 58, 64, 93, 105 

Ohio Land Company 22, 40 

Old Bank House 47 

Old Barracks 21 

Old Churches of Maryland 43 

Old Manors of Maryland 43, 81 

Once Upon a Time in Delaware 52 

Once Upon a Time in Rhode Island 52 

Organization 8, 9 

Orphan Masters' Court 41,54 

Page 81 

Paintings 57, 1 14 

Papers 49, 50, 51, 52 

Parish Records 34, 39, 40 

Pasayak 24 

Pelham Park 33 

Penn, William 25, 41, 44, 55, 56 

Pennsylvania . . 8, 10, 14, 15, 25, 26, 30, 33, 36, 37, 41, 45, 

46, 52, 55-58, 68, 83, 84, 88, 93, 101-103 

Philipse 15, 31 

Philippines 92, 94 

Pike, Zebulon 27 

Pilgrimages 18, 55, 56 

Pittsburgh 37, 79 

Pitt, William, Correspondence of 76, 77, 1 19 

Plymouth 97, 121 

Pocahontas 32,33 

Pohick Church 22 

Point Pleasant 28 

Poles 64 

Popham Settlement 24, 51 

Powder Magazine 18 

Portland, Maine 22 

135 



INDEX „,^, 

PAGE 



Porto Rico 92-93 

Portraits 46-48, 81 

Portsmouth (N. H.) 20, 94 

Presentation of Jamestown Memorial 72, 73 

Presidents, Virginia 31 

Princeton 32 

Prizes 56-59 

Providence (R.I.) 16, 69 

Publications, Historical 39-45. 76-78, 119, 120 

Putnam, Rufus 23, 40 

Pyle, Howard 57 

Quincy House i4> 17 

Raleigh Tavern 31 

Raleigh, North Carolina 94 

Randolph 81 

Rasle, Father 35, 36 

Reciprocity Bureau 76, 113, 114 

Records, Preservation of 39-45> 78, '22 

Registers 39-45 

Relics 42, 46-48, 79-91, no, iii, 114, 118, 119 

Relief Work 92-95, iio 

Reports 11 

Representation 8, 9, 70, no 

Resolutions 7, 70, no 

Revere, Paul 18, 86 

Rhode Island . 16, 23, 30, 33, 35, 40, 41, 43, 46, 47, 52, 58, 69, 

82, 84, 85, 88, 92, 93, 102, 104 

Roads and Trails 37 

Roanoke Island (N. C.) 26 

Rochambeau 16 

Rochester 58 

Roosevelt 19, 96 

Ross, Betsy 68 

Royall House 17 

Royal Patent 44 

Rumsey, James 52 

136 



INDEX 



Rural School Improvement 6y 

Russellborough 29 

Russians 64 

St. Augustine 23, 32, 47 

St. Croix Island 51 

St. James', Santee (S. C.) 39 

St. John's 76, 88 

St. Paul's 34 

St. Peter's (Va.) 20, 39 

St. Philip's (N. C.) 18,28 

St. Philip's (S. C.) 35, 39 

St. Simon's Island (Ga.) 21,26 

Salzburgers 20 

Sanderson 86 

Santiago 94 

Savannah 14, 23, 30, 31, 91 

Saybrook Point 26, 27 

Scholarships 56-59, 61 

Schools 56-59, 62, 63, 65-68 

Schuyler, Philip 41 

Screven, General 19 

Seals 39, 42, 43, 108 

Seavy's Island 94 

Selma 94 

Settlement Homes 66, 67 

Settlements and Landings 22, 23-25, 69-76 

Ship, Hospital 92 

Shirley, Gov. William, Letters of 78, 120 

Silver, Old 46,47,48,79-91, 121, 122 

Sioux Nation 27 

Six Nations 25,31 

Smithfield Church 72 

Smith, John 74> 75 

Smith, John Cotton 48 

Smithsonian Institution 79, 84, 88, 1 10, 1 1 1 

Societies Composing the National Society . . . 9-11,103-107 

137 



INDEX 

Solace, The 92 

Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument and Book 95, 96, 1 1 i-i 13, 117 

Sons of Liberty 31 

South Carolina . . . 18, 19, 35, 39, 46, 47, 77, 90, 93, 104 

South Kingston 35 

Spanish-American War 92-96 

Spanish-American War Monument . . . . 95, 96, 1 1 1, 1 12 

Spanish Galleons 48 

Split Rock 33 

Spottswood 81 

Stamp Act 29,31,77 

Stanard, William G 71 

State House .18,22,23,24 

Stenton 14, 15 

Stewart, General 19 

Stimson, Edith Parker 65 

Stories Told to Schools 54 

Stuart, Gilbert 81 

Study Classes 49-56 

Subscribers to Silver Book 84, 85 

Sullivan 25 

Sully 81 

Sun Dials 24, 27, 31 

Surgeons-General, Army and Navy 92, 96 

Swedes 22, 24, 25, 44 

Tabby Fort 19 

Tableaux 54.64 

Tablets and Monuments ... 18, 23-39, 56, 65, 73-75. 1^' 

77, 95, 96, 1 1 i-i 13 

Taft, Mrs 34 

Tarry town 3^ 

Taylor, Zachary 36, 79 

Ten-Mile-Run 25 

Tennessee 30, 40, 47, 48, 50, 53, 58, 66, 67, 106 

Tercentenary 24, 5 1 , 54, 70, 73 

Texas 23, 30, 54, 55, 59, 106 

138 



INDEX 

Thanksgiving 56 

Theatres 68 

Thirteen Colonial States 8,9,10,52 

Titanic Memorial 97 

Toledo 54 

Tombstones 25,34-36,40,43,45,70 

Tomochichi 25 

Tondee 3', 81 

Toulouse, Fort 27 

Tower Hill 35 

Townsend, Mrs. Howard 15 

Tower, Jamestown 70, 71, 72 

Travels on the American Continent 78 

Trent, Chief Justice 29 

Trenton 21, 29 

Tryon, Governor 29 

Tuscaloosa 26 

Uncas 25,94 

Universities 28, 32, 43, 56-59, 61-63, 76, 78 

Unveilings 24, 26, 27, 29, 30-32, 38, 96 

Van Buren County (Tenn.) 67 

Van Cortlandt House 15,16,46,55 

Vanderbilt University 53 

Van der Donck, Patroonship 15 

Van Dyck 81 

Vatican 3' 

Vermont 31,47,50,51,58,67,81,107 

Verplanck House 3' 

Vestry Books 34. 39, 40 

Villages 50 

Virginia . . 20, 22, 26, 29-34, 37-39. 42, 43- 48, 53. 54. 56, 57 

69-71, 73-77, 79, 81, 87, 88, 93, 101, 103 

Virginia Company 32 

Virginia University 57 

139 



INDEX p^^^ 

Wakefield 34 

Walbach Tower 20 

Walruyn Van de Veer 42 

Wannalancet 26 

War, Spanish-American 92-96 

Washington and Lee University 32 

Washington . . .14, 16, 20, 22, 30, 34, 39, 44, 57, 58, 60, 61, 

79,89 
Washington, City . . . • 7, 1 1, 77, 79, 84, 85, 88, 94, 96, 97 

Washington Memorial 30, 97, 121 

Washington (State) 30, 50, 58, 59, 107 

Westminster Churchyard 34 

Westmoreland County 34 

Westover 14, 20 

West Virginia 27, 51, 107 

Wheelwright, Edward 71 

Whipple, William 21 

Whitchurch, England 35 

Whitehall (R. 1.) 16 

White House 34 

Whitefield, George 29, 30, 81 

Whitfield House (Conn.) 18 

Whitlock, Miss Ursula 34 

Whittier 29 

William and Mary College 32 

Williams, Roger 23, $8 

Williamsburg 22,31,32,72 

William the Fourth 16 

Wilmington, (Del.) 8, 22 

Wills, 39-45 

Wills, Calendar of 41.44 

Wilson, Governor 21 

Winslow, The 95 

Winthrop, John 17 

Wisconsin 33. 37, 63, 64, 67, 68, 92, 93, 105 

Witch 17 

Witmer Bridge 36 

Women, Colonial 32-34 

140 



INDEX 

PAGE 



Wright, Correspondence of Susannah 45 

Yamacraws 25 

Yale 16, 32, 78 

Year-Books 40, 52 

Yonge, Samuel 71 

York, Duke of 25,44 

Zimrhl, Professor 62 



141 




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